Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 41 of 41 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2602.22971.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2602.22971 v2

Coverage vector

measured 41 of 41 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:07.066080Z

measured 41 of 41 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

41 of 41 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy0
unresolved39
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation b93cd7b7-a8b3-46fc-acd4-9c15cf99b37a · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Qwen2.5-VL Technical Report

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.456501Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b4dcd2fb-6552-4c4e-8d32-97a6f8c0c07f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.518398Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5bdee61c-8ba2-44a6-a99e-3737ee616e4b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.599604Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e722644f-bc16-4322-ac22-4a40cd8a24e2 · outbound

This paper cites PhysicsArena: The First Multimodal Physics Reasoning Benchmark Exploring Variable, Process, and Solution Dimensions.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy PhysicsArena: The First Multimodal Physics Reasoning Benchmark Exploring Variable, Process, and Solution Dimensions

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.681688Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a9ed11c0-a727-47e8-b9b0-151b9527053e · outbound

This paper cites SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM Evaluation across 285 Graduate Disciplines.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy SuperGPQA: Scaling LLM Evaluation across 285 Graduate Disciplines

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.734791Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 44f79c57-c5e5-4118-8260-109cfd2980b9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.812752Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0a4b12d1-cfb6-44a7-9720-fbd6ce1667f4 · outbound

This paper cites HARDMath: A Benchmark Dataset for Challenging Problems in Applied Mathematics.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy HARDMath: A Benchmark Dataset for Challenging Problems in Applied Mathematics

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.885587Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e99ca7c3-b2a5-4678-9f16-42a32055d4f4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:03.974504Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bcb0b92a-1bd2-4dde-a7b6-de25db5e9711 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.041093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c642fb21-1872-4630-9e01-3cd78695b477 · outbound

This paper cites Uniform price auctions with pre-announced revenue targets: Evidence from China's SEOs.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Uniform price auctions with pre-announced revenue targets: Evidence from China's SEOs

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.141571Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9553ac3a-bc57-4d9c-a6b8-639ca6ccf701 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.282898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b8dcbd05-29aa-456e-a0fa-05bb7fc6ef92 · outbound

This paper cites Can MLLMs Reason in Multimodality? EMMA: An Enhanced MultiModal ReAsoning Benchmark.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Can MLLMs Reason in Multimodality? EMMA: An Enhanced MultiModal ReAsoning Benchmark

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.457394Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7cf8735f-616a-4392-b2af-cadfc9771d67 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.626985Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e3cab88a-a664-48e9-b69e-fbe4191a1cbc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.707502Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1869e037-e6f9-4501-92b4-9d5e5c255d8c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.816225Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8728fc90-ac8a-4eab-8b90-3807c3ed36f0 · outbound

This paper cites Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.879932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2abfdf59-bdb5-452f-b4d4-37cddf0299f3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:04.975187Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 42c3cf1f-a0ef-4749-adce-24d26d725e20 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.073625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 68011b37-55ec-4367-a506-ff6573385c05 · outbound

This paper cites RedStar: Does Scaling Long-CoT Data Unlock Better Slow-Reasoning Systems?.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy RedStar: Does Scaling Long-CoT Data Unlock Better Slow-Reasoning Systems?

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.177375Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6b0ddadd-d6b1-4f83-af87-6bb32fb0bef5 · outbound

This paper cites G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignment.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy G-Eval: NLG Evaluation using GPT-4 with Better Human Alignment

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.329680Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2c903030-e23e-4f95-bf68-899534f3a981 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.435663Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0fbe72ec-4589-49ad-9562-38047b97996c · outbound

This paper cites O’Gorman.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy O’Gorman

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.547251Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 58ff00c2-1462-4f30-ab0d-8fbe86447e0c · outbound

This paper cites Humanity's Last Exam.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Humanity's Last Exam

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.644586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eec9d077-8ef3-4230-b425-b710656a10d7 · outbound

This paper cites Approximate Differential Privacy of the $\ell_2$ Mechanism.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Approximate Differential Privacy of the $\ell_2$ Mechanism

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.729513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 63ef16db-1005-4f0a-801b-f1d0d3467d05 · outbound

This paper cites 2025.From Chart to QA Pairs: A Context-A ware Generation Framework for Chart-Containing Documents.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy 2025.From Chart to QA Pairs: A Context-A ware Generation Framework for Chart-Containing Documents

Reference 25

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-02T20:39:35.135560Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Observation e4da7aed-b833-48df-9024-865354294996 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:05.911860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 13285e2c-d00c-4008-a430-f98533df6adf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.109922Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0ce3803e-3cdf-44a6-813d-b33eb51ca2b4 · outbound

This paper cites Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.193932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 99468108-72e7-4114-96a3-0b6f7142a8ec · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.280767Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a711866c-4df5-41cd-add7-1f5f5fc8793f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.315900Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9126949c-9665-45a0-b476-7436e91deb07 · outbound

This paper cites RE-Bench: Evaluating frontier AI R&D capabilities of language model agents against human experts.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy RE-Bench: Evaluating frontier AI R&D capabilities of language model agents against human experts

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.369914Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 781ac77b-6663-4f4a-820f-4405bc89ebc2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.429817Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8990da40-1d4b-4f9b-b376-85f45e29373e · outbound

This paper cites UGPhysics: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Undergraduate Physics Reasoning with Large Language Models.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy UGPhysics: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Undergraduate Physics Reasoning with Large Language Models

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.501254Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8e455da9-b0ee-432b-b59a-aad95c47fa0b · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-Math Technical Report: Toward Mathematical Expert Model via Self-Improvement.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Qwen2.5-Math Technical Report: Toward Mathematical Expert Model via Self-Improvement

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.560810Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e93b4a60-cc03-43c2-80ec-dfbcb4a1446a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.609031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f80385e-99cf-4a7f-a3bf-78ec598f5fc3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.650050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2de830a1-1420-4e5c-807f-b3a24c0bb779 · outbound

This paper cites PhysReason: A Comprehensive Benchmark towards Physics-Based Reasoning.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy PhysReason: A Comprehensive Benchmark towards Physics-Based Reasoning

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.714065Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 359f3c9a-3551-43fa-81a9-c2aefd339c6d · outbound

This paper cites LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Models.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Models

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.817627Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d0910937-4558-4948-90de-e21ad3005511 · outbound

This paper cites AGIEval: A Human-Centric Benchmark for Evaluating Foundation Models.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy AGIEval: A Human-Centric Benchmark for Evaluating Foundation Models

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:06.954126Z

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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6b79a6d5-589d-4658-992f-86888e6ac4c8 · outbound

This paper cites PhD-level.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy PhD-level

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T20:36:07.066080Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 719e3fa9-de86-4c55-9829-8602e94955a1 · outbound

This paper cites https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-025-18622-6.

SPM-Bench: Benchmarking Large Language Models for Scanning Probe Microscopy https://doi.org/ 10.1038/s41598-025-18622-6

Reference 2025

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-02T20:39:34.844758Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-08T06:32:00.761636+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.