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arxiv: 2604.06137 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-07 · 🌀 gr-qc · hep-th

Absorption and quasinormal modes by rotating acoustic black holes in Lorentz-violating background

J. A. V. Campos , M. A. Anacleto , F. A. Brito , E. Passos , Amilcar R. Queiroz This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 18:46 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 🌀 gr-qc hep-th
keywords acoustic black holesLorentz violationabsorption cross sectionquasinormal modesrotating acoustic black holesanalog gravitysymmetry breaking
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0 comments X

The pith

Lorentz symmetry violation increases the absorption cross section and speeds up damping of quasinormal modes for rotating acoustic black holes.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper analyzes wave absorption and ringing modes around a rotating acoustic black hole when Lorentz symmetry is broken in its background. It demonstrates analytically and numerically that this violation raises the absorption cross section at both low and high frequencies, allowing the rotation to influence absorption even in the low-frequency limit. The quasinormal mode spectrum shifts such that real frequencies drop and the imaginary parts grow larger, which means perturbations decay more rapidly. A reader might care because these acoustic models provide a way to explore black hole-like behavior in everyday fluids, offering potential tests for how symmetry violations could appear in analogous gravitational systems.

Core claim

Incorporating Lorentz symmetry violation into the background of a (2+1)-dimensional rotating acoustic black hole increases its absorption cross section at all energy scales, with the rotation parameter contributing in the low-frequency regime, while the quasinormal frequencies have decreased real parts and increased imaginary part magnitudes, resulting in faster damping of the oscillations.

What carries the argument

The acoustic metric modified by a Lorentz-violating term that changes the propagation of sound waves in the rotating fluid.

If this is right

  • The absorption cross section is larger than in the standard case across low and high frequency regimes.
  • The rotation parameter affects absorption even at low frequencies due to the symmetry breaking.
  • Quasinormal mode real frequencies are reduced by the Lorentz violation.
  • The magnitude of the imaginary frequencies increases, leading to quicker damping of oscillations.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Laboratory experiments with rotating fluids could potentially detect Lorentz violation through enhanced sound absorption measurements.
  • The faster damping rates might influence the design of analog black hole simulations aiming to study stability.
  • Similar symmetry-breaking effects could be explored in other analog gravity setups involving fluids or optics.

Load-bearing premise

The modified acoustic metric with the Lorentz-violating term is taken to faithfully represent sound wave behavior in the rotating fluid without causing inconsistencies in the fluid equations.

What would settle it

A calculation or measurement showing that the absorption cross section does not increase when the Lorentz-violating term is included in the rotating acoustic black hole model would disprove the main results.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2604.06137 by Amilcar R. Queiroz, E. Passos, F. A. Brito, J. A. V. Campos, M. A. Anacleto.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p006_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: FIG. 5 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_5.png] view at source ↗
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: FIG. 6 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p010_6.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

In this work, we investigate the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation on the absorption cross section and quasinormal modes of a rotating acoustic black hole in (2+1) dimensions. The absorption cross section was analyzed analytically, using the low and high frequency regimes, and numerically, through integration of the radial equation. The results showed that Lorentz violation increases the absorption cross section at all energy scales, with a contribution from the rotation parameter $B$ appearing even in the low frequency regime. For the quasinormal modes, we observed that symmetry breaking decreases the real part of the frequencies and increases the magnitude of the corresponding imaginary part, indicating a faster damping of the oscillations.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

1 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript investigates the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation on the absorption cross section and quasinormal modes of a rotating acoustic black hole in (2+1) dimensions. The absorption cross section is analyzed analytically in the low- and high-frequency regimes and numerically via integration of the radial equation. The authors report that Lorentz violation increases the absorption cross section at all energy scales, with a contribution from the rotation parameter B appearing even in the low-frequency regime. For quasinormal modes, symmetry breaking is found to decrease the real part of the frequencies and increase the magnitude of the imaginary part, indicating faster damping.

Significance. If the effective acoustic metric is derived consistently from the Lorentz-violating fluid equations for a rotating background, the results would contribute to analog gravity by showing how symmetry breaking modifies wave propagation, absorption, and stability of acoustic horizons. The combination of analytical limits and numerical integration provides a concrete test of the model, but the physical interpretability depends on resolving the consistency of the background flow.

major comments (1)
  1. The effective (2+1)D acoustic metric is constructed by directly inserting the Lorentz-violating term into the standard acoustic geometry without a self-consistent linearization of the modified continuity and Euler equations around the rotating background flow (with nonzero vorticity from parameter B). This is load-bearing for the central claims, as the resulting wave equation may contain spurious terms that do not correspond to any physical fluid configuration, potentially invalidating the reported increase in absorption cross section and the shifts in quasinormal mode frequencies.
minor comments (2)
  1. The numerical integration of the radial equation is mentioned but lacks details on the method (e.g., shooting or finite differences), boundary conditions, convergence tests, or error estimates, which would strengthen the reliability of the absorption and QNM results.
  2. Notation for the Lorentz violation parameter and its relation to the acoustic metric components could be clarified in the text and equations to improve readability.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful reading of our manuscript and for highlighting the importance of a self-consistent derivation of the effective acoustic metric. We address the major comment below and will incorporate the requested clarification in the revised version.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: The effective (2+1)D acoustic metric is constructed by directly inserting the Lorentz-violating term into the standard acoustic geometry without a self-consistent linearization of the modified continuity and Euler equations around the rotating background flow (with nonzero vorticity from parameter B). This is load-bearing for the central claims, as the resulting wave equation may contain spurious terms that do not correspond to any physical fluid configuration, potentially invalidating the reported increase in absorption cross section and the shifts in quasinormal mode frequencies.

    Authors: We agree that a fully self-consistent linearization strengthens the physical foundation of the results. In the original work we adopted the effective metric obtained by augmenting the standard acoustic geometry with the Lorentz-violating parameter, following the approach used in several analog-gravity studies with symmetry-breaking terms. To address the referee’s concern directly, the revised manuscript will contain an explicit derivation: we linearize the Lorentz-violating continuity and Euler equations about the rotating background flow (including the nonzero vorticity associated with B), obtain the wave equation for acoustic perturbations, and verify that no spurious terms appear beyond those already present in the non-rotating case. The resulting radial equation and boundary conditions remain identical to those employed in our calculations, thereby confirming that the reported increase in absorption cross section at all frequencies and the shifts in quasinormal-mode frequencies are physically consistent with the modified fluid dynamics. A new subsection will be added detailing this linearization and the matching to the effective metric used throughout the paper. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity in derivation chain

full rationale

The paper obtains its central results (increased absorption cross-section with LV and B contribution at low frequency; decreased Re(ω) and increased |Im(ω)| for QNMs) by solving the radial wave equation in the effective acoustic metric. These quantities are computed outputs from the differential equation rather than being inserted by definition or by fitting a parameter that is then relabeled as a prediction. No self-definitional steps, fitted-input predictions, or load-bearing self-citations that reduce the claims to their own inputs are present. The derivation remains self-contained once the metric is adopted, consistent with the reader's assessment of score 2.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

1 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on introducing a Lorentz-violating parameter into the acoustic metric and solving the resulting wave equation; the parameter itself functions as a free parameter whose value is not derived from first principles within the work.

free parameters (1)
  • Lorentz violation parameter
    Controls the strength of symmetry breaking and is introduced to modify the background metric; its specific value is chosen or scanned to produce the reported trends.
axioms (1)
  • domain assumption The acoustic metric with an added Lorentz-violating term accurately describes sound-wave propagation in the rotating fluid.
    This is the foundational modeling step that allows the wave equation to be written and solved.

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Reference graph

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