pith. machine review for the scientific record. sign in

arxiv: 2604.23163 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-25 · 🌀 gr-qc

Recognition: unknown

Assessing EMRI Detectability of the Rotating Quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder Black Hole

Authors on Pith no claims yet

Pith reviewed 2026-05-08 07:47 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 🌀 gr-qc
keywords EMRIquantum gravityOppenheimer-Snyder black holeLISAgravitational wave dephasingrotating black holeswaveform faithfulnessadiabatic approximation
0
0 comments X

The pith

Quantum gravity corrections to rotating black holes produce detectable gravitational wave phase shifts in LISA, but spin suppresses the effect.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper examines whether a quantum correction parameter in the spacetime of a rotating black hole leaves measurable traces in the gravitational waves from an extreme-mass-ratio inspiral. By evolving orbits adiabatically and building augmented analytic kludge waveforms, the authors track how the quantum parameter alpha shifts the total phase accumulated over many orbits. They compare the match between waveforms that include or omit this correction across different spin values. The results indicate that LISA could register the quantum imprint for slowly rotating cases, yet faster rotation damps the signal. Accounting for spin therefore becomes essential when using such events to test quantum gravity models.

Core claim

For the rotating quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black hole, the adiabatic evolution yields a cumulative gravitational-wave dephasing proportional to the quantum parameter alpha. Augmented analytic kludge waveforms constructed with and without alpha exhibit reduced faithfulness as alpha grows, yet this mismatch shrinks when the black-hole spin parameter a increases. Consequently, the quantum gravity effect produces imprints that LISA can in principle detect, while rotation weakens those signatures.

What carries the argument

Adiabatic orbital evolution that computes the total phase shift induced by the quantum correction alpha in the rotating quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder metric, evaluated through faithfulness comparisons of augmented analytic kludge waveforms for varying spin a.

If this is right

  • Quantum imprints remain above LISA's detection threshold for low-spin rotating quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black holes.
  • Increasing the black-hole spin a reduces the waveform mismatch caused by alpha, narrowing the window for detection.
  • Accurate modeling of rotational effects is required to avoid systematic errors when constraining quantum gravity parameters from EMRI data.
  • The faithfulness between corrected and uncorrected waveforms decreases with larger alpha but recovers partially at higher a.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • LISA data-analysis pipelines will need joint templates that vary both spin and quantum parameters to extract reliable constraints.
  • Similar suppression by rotation may appear in other quantum-corrected black-hole spacetimes, suggesting a general pattern worth checking.
  • If the effect is confirmed, EMRI observations could place upper bounds on alpha once spin is marginalised over.
  • Non-adiabatic corrections near the last stable orbit might modify the dephasing for the highest-frequency signals.

Load-bearing premise

The adiabatic evolution approximation accurately captures the cumulative dephasing induced by the quantum parameter alpha without significant higher-order or non-adiabatic contributions.

What would settle it

A LISA observation of an EMRI around a black hole with independently measured spin a that shows no dephasing matching the predicted alpha dependence, or a faithfulness value inconsistent with the computed suppression by rotation, would falsify the detectability claim.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2604.23163 by Dan Zhang, Guoyang Fu, Jian-Pin Wu, Shulan Li.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1: Phase diagram of the rotating qOs model in the parameter space of view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2: Dependence of the dephasing on the quantum parameter view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3: The AAK waveform for the rotation qOS background with different view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4: Faithfulness between the with and without quantum gravity correction with varying view at source ↗
read the original abstract

This letter presents an assessment of quantum gravity effects on extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) for the rotating quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder (qOS) black hole. Employing the adiabatic evolution, we compute the gravitational wave (GW) dephasing, which quantifies the cumulative phase shift induced by the quantum correction {\alpha} . We further generate the augmented analytic kludge (AAK) waveform and investigate the faithfulness between the waveforms with and without the quantum parameter {\alpha} for different values of a. Our results reveal that the quantum gravity effect induces detectable imprints in LISA, while the presence of rotation suppresses these signatures. This suggests that rotational degrees of freedom must be carefully accounted for when probing quantum gravity with EMRI observations.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

1 major / 2 minor

Summary. The paper assesses EMRI detectability for the rotating quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black hole by employing the adiabatic approximation to compute gravitational-wave dephasing induced by the quantum parameter α, generating augmented analytic kludge (AAK) waveforms, and evaluating faithfulness between α=0 and α>0 cases across different spin values a. The central claim is that quantum corrections produce LISA-detectable imprints that are suppressed by rotation.

Significance. If the adiabatic dephasing calculations prove robust, the work would usefully illustrate how a quantum-corrected rotating metric imprints on long EMRI signals and would underscore the need to include spin when searching for quantum-gravity signatures in LISA data. The use of standard AAK waveforms and faithfulness metrics provides a concrete, reproducible framework for such comparisons.

major comments (1)
  1. [Abstract and waveform-generation section] The headline result—that α induces detectable dephasing while rotation suppresses it—rests entirely on the adiabatic evolution of orbital phase over ~10^5 cycles. The manuscript supplies no error estimate, resonance analysis, or comparison against post-adiabatic or self-force corrections that could arise from the α-dependent effective potential in the rotating qOS geometry. Without such validation, the reported faithfulness values and SNR thresholds cannot be taken as reliable.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] The abstract introduces the AAK waveform without citing the specific implementation or the underlying kludge parameters; a brief reference or footnote would clarify reproducibility.
  2. [Throughout] Notation for the quantum parameter is given as both α and {α}; consistent use throughout the text would avoid minor confusion.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 1 unresolved

We thank the referee for their careful reading of our manuscript and for highlighting important considerations regarding the adiabatic approximation. Our point-by-point response follows.

read point-by-point responses
  1. Referee: [Abstract and waveform-generation section] The headline result—that α induces detectable dephasing while rotation suppresses it—rests entirely on the adiabatic evolution of orbital phase over ~10^5 cycles. The manuscript supplies no error estimate, resonance analysis, or comparison against post-adiabatic or self-force corrections that could arise from the α-dependent effective potential in the rotating qOS geometry. Without such validation, the reported faithfulness values and SNR thresholds cannot be taken as reliable.

    Authors: We concur that the adiabatic approximation forms the basis of our dephasing calculations and that additional validation would be beneficial. This approximation is standard in EMRI studies because it captures the dominant secular phase evolution over the large number of cycles relevant to LISA observations. The quantum correction α is included in the effective potential and thus affects the orbital frequencies consistently within the same framework for both the reference and modified cases. Consequently, the relative dephasing and the resulting faithfulness metric provide a meaningful first indication of detectability. Nevertheless, the manuscript does not contain explicit error bounds or post-adiabatic comparisons. In the revised manuscript we will add a dedicated paragraph in the waveform-generation section discussing the limitations of the adiabatic approach, citing key references on its accuracy for EMRIs, and stating that a full self-force treatment of the α-dependent geometry remains an important direction for future work. We will also note that no resonant orbits were encountered in the explored parameter range. revision: partial

standing simulated objections not resolved
  • Quantitative error estimates for the adiabatic dephasing and direct comparisons to post-adiabatic or self-force results in the rotating qOS spacetime.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: derivation uses external metric and standard adiabatic/AAK tools without self-referential reduction

full rationale

The paper takes the rotating qOS metric (with parameter alpha) as an input from prior literature, applies the standard adiabatic approximation to integrate geodesic frequencies and accumulate dephasing Delta Phi over the inspiral, then feeds the resulting phase into the pre-existing AAK waveform model to compute faithfulness and SNR. None of these steps renames a fit as a prediction, defines a quantity in terms of itself, or relies on a load-bearing self-citation whose validity is internal to the present work. The claim that rotation suppresses alpha-induced imprints is a direct numerical output of the external models, not a tautology.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

2 free parameters · 1 axioms · 1 invented entities

Central claim rests on the validity of the rotating qOS metric, the adiabatic approximation for EMRIs, and the faithfulness metric as a proxy for detectability; alpha and spin parameter a are varied but not fitted in the abstract.

free parameters (2)
  • alpha
    Quantum correction parameter whose effect on dephasing is quantified.
  • a
    Black hole spin parameter varied to demonstrate suppression of quantum signatures.
axioms (1)
  • domain assumption Adiabatic evolution accurately describes the inspiral phase evolution
    Invoked to compute gravitational wave dephasing.
invented entities (1)
  • rotating quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black hole no independent evidence
    purpose: Spacetime model incorporating both rotation and quantum gravity correction
    Metric used as the background for waveform calculations; independent evidence not provided in abstract.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5427 in / 1279 out tokens · 48167 ms · 2026-05-08T07:47:52.828863+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Extreme mass-ratio inspirals can constrain the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter ℓ in bumblebee gravity to O(10^{-4}) uncertainty with LISA.

  2. Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    EMRI waveforms in bumblebee gravity allow LISA to constrain the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter ell at the level of O(10^{-4}).

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

69 extracted references · 61 canonical work pages · cited by 1 Pith paper · 2 internal anchors

  1. [1]

    Penrose,Gravitational collapse and space-time singularities, Phys

    R. Penrose,Gravitational collapse and space-time singularities, Phys. Rev. Lett.14(1965) 57–59

  2. [2]

    S. W. Hawking and R. Penrose,The Singularities of gravitational collapse and cosmology, Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A314(1970) 529–548

  3. [3]

    Loop Quantum Gravity

    C. Rovelli,Loop quantum gravity, Living Rev. Rel.1(1998) 1, [gr-qc/9710008]

  4. [4]

    Thiemann,Lectures on loop quantum gravity, Lect

    T. Thiemann,Lectures on loop quantum gravity, Lect. Notes Phys.631(2003) 41–135, [gr-qc/0210094]

  5. [5]

    Ashtekar and J

    A. Ashtekar and J. Lewandowski,Background independent quantum gravity: A Status report, Class. Quant. Grav.21(2004) R53, [gr-qc/0404018]

  6. [6]

    M. Han, W. Huang, and Y. Ma,Fundamental structure of loop quantum gravity, Int. J. Mod. Phys. D16(2007) 1397–1474, [gr-qc/0509064]

  7. [7]

    Bojowald, ”Absence of singularity in loop quantum co smology”, Phys

    M. Bojowald,Absence of singularity in loop quantum cosmology, Phys. Rev. Lett.86(2001) 5227–5230, [gr-qc/0102069]

  8. [8]

    Quantum Nature of the Big Bang

    A. Ashtekar, T. Pawlowski, and P. Singh,Quantum nature of the big bang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96(2006) 141301, [gr-qc/0602086]

  9. [9]

    Ashtekar,Introduction to loop quantum gravity and cosmology, Lect

    A. Ashtekar,Introduction to loop quantum gravity and cosmology, Lect. Notes Phys.863 (2013) 31–56, [arXiv:1201.4598]

  10. [10]

    Peltola and G

    A. Peltola and G. Kunstatter,A Complete, Single-Horizon Quantum Corrected Black Hole Spacetime, Phys. Rev. D79(2009) 061501, [arXiv:0811.3240]

  11. [11]

    Peltola and G

    A. Peltola and G. Kunstatter,Effective Polymer Dynamics of D-Dimensional Black Hole Interiors, Phys. Rev. D80(2009) 044031, [arXiv:0902.1746]

  12. [12]

    Modesto,Semiclassical loop quantum black hole, Int

    L. Modesto,Semiclassical loop quantum black hole, Int. J. Theor. Phys.49(2010) 1649–1683, [arXiv:0811.2196]. 10

  13. [13]

    Quantum Transfiguration of Kruskal Black Holes

    A. Ashtekar, J. Olmedo, and P. Singh,Quantum Transfiguration of Kruskal Black Holes, Phys. Rev. Lett.121(2018), no. 24 241301, [arXiv:1806.00648]

  14. [14]

    Ashtekar, J

    A. Ashtekar, J. Olmedo, and P. Singh,Quantum extension of the Kruskal spacetime, Phys. Rev. D98(2018), no. 12 126003, [arXiv:1806.02406]

  15. [15]

    Gambini, J

    R. Gambini, J. Olmedo, and J. Pullin,Spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity: analysis of improved dynamics, Class. Quant. Grav.37(2020), no. 20 205012, [arXiv:2006.01513]

  16. [16]

    Bodendorfer, F

    N. Bodendorfer, F. M. Mele, and J. M¨ unch,Effective Quantum Extended Spacetime of Polymer Schwarzschild Black Hole, Class. Quant. Grav.36(2019), no. 19 195015, [arXiv:1902.04542]

  17. [17]

    Bodendorfer, F

    N. Bodendorfer, F. M. Mele, and J. M¨ unch,(b,v)-type variables for black to white hole transitions in effective loop quantum gravity, Phys. Lett. B819(2021) 136390, [arXiv:1911.12646]

  18. [18]

    J. G. Kelly, R. Santacruz, and E. Wilson-Ewing,Effective loop quantum gravity framework for vacuum spherically symmetric spacetimes, Phys. Rev. D102(2020), no. 10 106024, [arXiv:2006.09302]

  19. [19]

    Parvizi, T

    A. Parvizi, T. Paw lowski, Y. Tavakoli, and J. Lewandowski,Rainbow black hole from quantum gravitational collapse, Phys. Rev. D105(2022), no. 8 086002, [arXiv:2110.03069]

  20. [20]

    Lewandowski, Y

    J. Lewandowski, Y. Ma, J. Yang, and C. Zhang,Quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder and Swiss Cheese Models, Phys. Rev. Lett.130(2023), no. 10 101501, [arXiv:2210.02253]

  21. [21]

    Giesel, M

    K. Giesel, M. Han, B.-F. Li, H. Liu, and P. Singh,Spherical symmetric gravitational collapse of a dust cloud: Polymerized dynamics in reduced phase space, Phys. Rev. D107(2023), no. 4 044047, [arXiv:2212.01930]

  22. [22]

    Alonso-Bardaji, D

    A. Alonso-Bardaji, D. Brizuela, and R. Vera,An effective model for the quantum Schwarzschild black hole, Phys. Lett. B829(2022) 137075, [arXiv:2112.12110]

  23. [23]

    Alonso-Bardaji, D

    A. Alonso-Bardaji, D. Brizuela, and R. Vera,Nonsingular spherically symmetric black-hole model with holonomy corrections, Phys. Rev. D106(2022), no. 2 024035, [arXiv:2205.02098]

  24. [24]

    Zhang, J

    C. Zhang, J. Lewandowski, Y. Ma, and J. Yang,Black Holes and Covariance in Effective Quantum Gravity,arXiv:2407.10168

  25. [25]

    E. T. Newman and A. I. Janis,Note on the Kerr spinning particle metric, 1965

  26. [26]

    Generating rotating regular black hole solutions without complexification

    M. Azreg-A¨ ınou,Generating rotating regular black hole solutions without complexification, 11 Phys. Rev. D90(2014), no. 6 064041, [arXiv:1405.2569]

  27. [27]

    Azreg-A¨ ınou,From static to rotating to conformal static solutions: Rotating imperfect fluid wormholes with(out) electric or magnetic field, Eur

    M. Azreg-A¨ ınou,From static to rotating to conformal static solutions: Rotating imperfect fluid wormholes with(out) electric or magnetic field, Eur. Phys. J. C74(2014), no. 5 2865, [arXiv:1401.4292]

  28. [28]

    Caravelli and L

    F. Caravelli and L. Modesto,Spinning Loop Black Holes, Class. Quant. Grav.27(2010) 245022, [arXiv:1006.0232]

  29. [29]

    C. Liu, T. Zhu, Q. Wu, K. Jusufi, M. Jamil, M. Azreg-A¨ ınou, and A. Wang,Shadow and quasinormal modes of a rotating loop quantum black hole, Phys. Rev. D101(2020), no. 8 084001, [arXiv:2003.00477]. [Erratum: Phys.Rev.D 103, 089902 (2021)]

  30. [30]

    Brahma, C.-Y

    S. Brahma, C.-Y. Chen, and D.-h. Yeom,Testing Loop Quantum Gravity from Observational Consequences of Nonsingular Rotating Black Holes, Phys. Rev. Lett.126(2021), no. 18 181301, [arXiv:2012.08785]

  31. [31]

    Chen,On the possible spacetime structures of rotating loop quantum black holes, Int

    C.-Y. Chen,On the possible spacetime structures of rotating loop quantum black holes, Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys.19(2022), no. 11 2250176, [arXiv:2207.03797]

  32. [32]

    Kumar, S

    J. Kumar, S. U. Islam, and S. G. Ghosh,Loop Quantum Gravity motivated multihorizon rotating black holes, JCAP11(2022) 032, [arXiv:2209.13562]

  33. [33]

    Huang and Z

    Y. Huang and Z. Cao,Finite-distance gravitational deflection of massive particles by a rotating black hole in loop quantum gravity, Eur. Phys. J. C83(2023), no. 1 80, [arXiv:2212.04254]

  34. [34]

    Fazzini,Effective Kerr geometry from loop quantum gravity, Phys

    F. Fazzini,Effective Kerr geometry from loop quantum gravity, Phys. Rev. D111(2025), no. 4 046025, [arXiv:2409.17099]

  35. [35]

    H. Ali, S. U. Islam, and S. G. Ghosh,Shadows and parameter estimation of rotating quantum corrected black holes and constraints from EHT observation of M87* and Sgr A*, JHEAp47(2025) 100367, [arXiv:2410.09198]

  36. [36]

    Z. Ban, J. Chen, and J. Yang,Shadows of rotating black holes in effective quantum gravity, Eur. Phys. J. C85(2025), no. 8 878, [arXiv:2411.09374]

  37. [37]

    Vachher and S

    A. Vachher and S. G. Ghosh,Strong gravitational lensing by rotating quantum-corrected black holes: Insights and constraints from EHT observations of M87* and Sgr A*, JHEAp 45(2025) 75–86, [arXiv:2410.11332]

  38. [38]

    M. A. Raza, M. Zubair, F. Atamurotov, and A. Abdujabbarov,Influence of quantum correction on Kerr black hole in effective loop quantum gravity via shadows and EHT results, 12 Eur. Phys. J. C85(2025), no. 9 973, [arXiv:2501.01308]

  39. [39]

    Fatima and G

    U. Fatima and G. Abbas,Penrose process in rotating black holes with quantum corrections: implications for energy extraction and irreducible mass, Eur. Phys. J. C86(2026), no. 2 166, [arXiv:2508.01683]

  40. [40]

    The quasinormal modes of the rotating quantum corrected black holes

    J.-N. Chen, Z.-K. Guo, and L.-B. Wu,The quasinormal modes of the rotating quantum corrected black holes,arXiv:2510.27320. [41]LIGO Scientific, VirgoCollaboration, B. P. Abbott et al.,GW150914: The Advanced LIGO Detectors in the Era of First Discoveries, Phys. Rev. Lett.116(2016), no. 13 131103, [arXiv:1602.03838]. [42]LIGO Scientific, VirgoCollaboration, ...

  41. [41]

    Y. Gong, J. Luo, and B. Wang,Concepts and status of Chinese space gravitational wave detection projects, Nature Astron.5(2021), no. 9 881–889, [arXiv:2109.07442]

  42. [42]

    Hu and Y.-L

    W.-R. Hu and Y.-L. Wu,The Taiji Program in Space for gravitational wave physics and the nature of gravity, Natl. Sci. Rev.4(2017), no. 5 685–686

  43. [43]

    Science with the space-based interferometer LISA. V: Extreme mass-ratio inspirals

    S. Babak, J. Gair, A. Sesana, E. Barausse, C. F. Sopuerta, C. P. L. Berry, E. Berti, P. Amaro-Seoane, A. Petiteau, and A. Klein,Science with the space-based interferometer LISA. V: Extreme mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D95(2017), no. 10 103012, [arXiv:1703.09722]

  44. [44]

    J. R. Gair, L. Barack, T. Creighton, C. Cutler, S. L. Larson, E. S. Phinney, and M. Vallisneri,Event rate estimates for LISA extreme mass ratio capture sources, Class. Quant. Grav.21(2004) S1595–S1606, [gr-qc/0405137]

  45. [45]

    Mapelli, E

    M. Mapelli, E. Ripamonti, A. Vecchio, A. W. Graham, and A. Gualandris,A cosmological view of extreme mass-ratio inspirals in nuclear star clusters, Astron. Astrophys.542(2012) A102, [arXiv:1205.2702]

  46. [46]

    Amaro-Seoane, J

    P. Amaro-Seoane, J. R. Gair, M. Freitag, M. Coleman Miller, I. Mandel, C. J. Cutler, and S. Babak,Astrophysics, detection and science applications of intermediate- and extreme mass-ratio inspirals, Class. Quant. Grav.24(2007) R113–R169, [astro-ph/0703495]

  47. [47]

    Using LISA EMRI sources to test off-Kerr deviations in the geometry of massive black holes

    L. Barack and C. Cutler,Using LISA EMRI sources to test off-Kerr deviations in the geometry of massive black holes, Phys. Rev. D75(2007) 042003, [gr-qc/0612029]

  48. [48]

    G. Fu, Y. Liu, B. Wang, J.-P. Wu, and C. Zhang,Probing quantum gravity effects with eccentric extreme mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D111(2025), no. 8 084066, [arXiv:2409.08138]

  49. [49]

    Zi and S

    T. Zi and S. Kumar,Eccentric extreme mass-ratio inspirals: a gateway to probe quantum gravity effects, Eur. Phys. J. C85(2025), no. 5 592, [arXiv:2409.17765]

  50. [50]

    Liu and X

    Y. Liu and X. Zhang,Gravitational waves for eccentric extreme mass ratio inspirals of self-dual spacetime, JCAP10(2024) 056, [arXiv:2404.08454]

  51. [51]

    Yang, Y.-P

    S. Yang, Y.-P. Zhang, L. Zhao, and Y.-X. Liu,Constraints on quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder black holes with eccentric extreme mass-ratio inspirals,arXiv:2509.24835

  52. [52]

    Ahmed, Q

    F. Ahmed, Q. Wu, S. G. Ghosh, and T. Zhu,Signatures of Quantum-Corrected Black Holes in Gravitational Waves from Periodic Orbits,arXiv:2512.24036. 14

  53. [53]

    H. Gong, S. Long, X.-J. Wang, Z. Xia, J.-P. Wu, and Q. Pan,Gravitational waveforms from periodic orbits around a novel regular black hole,arXiv:2509.23318

  54. [54]

    R.-T. Chen, G. Fu, D. Zhang, and J.-P. Wu,Imprints of quantum gravity effects on gravitational waves: a comparative study using extreme mass-ratio inspirals, arXiv:2601.00185

  55. [55]

    Zhang, C

    D. Zhang, C. Zhang, Q. Pan, G. Fu, and J.-P. Wu,Probing Quantum Gravity effects with Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals around Rotating Hayward Black Holes,arXiv:2602.07436

  56. [56]

    A. J. K. Chua, M. L. Katz, N. Warburton, and S. A. Hughes,Rapid generation of fully relativistic extreme-mass-ratio-inspiral waveform templates for LISA data analysis, Phys. Rev. Lett.126(2021), no. 5 051102, [arXiv:2008.06071]

  57. [57]

    M. L. Katz, A. J. K. Chua, L. Speri, N. Warburton, and S. A. Hughes,Fast extreme-mass-ratio-inspiral waveforms: New tools for millihertz gravitational-wave data analysis, Phys. Rev. D104(2021), no. 6 064047, [arXiv:2104.04582]

  58. [58]

    K. S. Thorne,Multipole Expansions of Gravitational Radiation, Rev. Mod. Phys.52(1980) 299–339

  59. [59]

    F. D. Ryan,Effect of gravitational radiation reaction on circular orbits around a spinning black hole, Phys. Rev. D52(1995) R3159–R3162, [gr-qc/9506023]

  60. [60]

    P. C. Peters and J. Mathews,Gravitational radiation from point masses in a Keplerian orbit, Phys. Rev.131(1963) 435–439

  61. [61]

    Cutler, D

    C. Cutler, D. Kennefick, and E. Poisson,Gravitational radiation reaction for bound motion around a Schwarzschild black hole, Phys. Rev. D50(1994) 3816–3835

  62. [62]

    Glampedakis and D

    K. Glampedakis and D. Kennefick,Zoom and whirl: Eccentric equatorial orbits around spinning black holes and their evolution under gravitational radiation reaction, Phys. Rev. D 66(2002) 044002, [gr-qc/0203086]

  63. [63]

    Gupta, B

    P. Gupta, B. Bonga, A. J. K. Chua, and T. Tanaka,Importance of tidal resonances in extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D104(2021), no. 4 044056, [arXiv:2104.03422]

  64. [64]

    Bonga, H

    B. Bonga, H. Yang, and S. A. Hughes,Tidal resonance in extreme mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. Lett.123(2019), no. 10 101103, [arXiv:1905.00030]

  65. [65]

    A. J. K. Chua, C. J. Moore, and J. R. Gair,Augmented kludge waveforms for detecting extreme-mass-ratio inspirals, Phys. Rev. D96(2017), no. 4 044005, [arXiv:1705.04259]

  66. [66]

    Barack and C

    L. Barack and C. Cutler,Lisa capture sources: Approximate waveforms, signal-to-noise 15 ratios, and parameter estimation accuracy, Phys. Rev. D69(Apr, 2004) 082005

  67. [67]

    A. J. K. Chua and J. R. Gair,Improved analytic extreme-mass-ratio inspiral model for scoping out eLISA data analysis, Class. Quant. Grav.32(2015) 232002, [arXiv:1510.06245]

  68. [68]

    The construction and use of LISA sensitivity curves

    T. Robson, N. J. Cornish, and C. Liu,The construction and use of LISA sensitivity curves, Class. Quant. Grav.36(2019), no. 10 105011, [arXiv:1803.01944]

  69. [69]

    Constructing Gravitational Waves from Generic Spin-Precessing Compact Binary Inspirals

    K. Chatziioannou, A. Klein, N. Yunes, and N. Cornish,Constructing Gravitational Waves from Generic Spin-Precessing Compact Binary Inspirals, Phys. Rev. D95(2017), no. 10 104004, [arXiv:1703.03967]. 16