EMRIs resonantly drive zero-damped modes of near-extremal Kerr black holes, with the pole recovered from real-frequency orbital data via complex-response tomography.
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Science with the space-based interferometer LISA. V: Extreme mass-ratio inspirals
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The space-based Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will be able to observe the gravitational-wave signals from systems comprised of a massive black hole and a stellar-mass compact object. These systems are known as extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) and are expected to complete $\sim 10^4$-$10^5$ cycles in band, thus allowing exquisite measurements of their parameters. In this work, we attempt to quantify the astrophysical uncertainties affecting the predictions for the number of EMRIs detectable by LISA, and find that competing astrophysical assumptions produce a variance of about three orders of magnitude in the expected intrinsic EMRI rate. However, we find that irrespective of the astrophysical model, at least a few EMRIs per year should be detectable by the LISA mission, with up to a few thousands per year under the most optimistic astrophysical assumptions. We also investigate the precision with which LISA will be able to extract the parameters of these sources. We find that typical fractional statistical errors with which the intrinsic parameters (redshifted masses, massive black hole spin and orbital eccentricity) can be recovered are $\sim 10^{-6}$-$10^{-4}$. Luminosity distance (which is required to infer true masses) is inferred to about $10\%$ precision and sky position is localized to a few square degrees, while tests of the multipolar structure of the Kerr metric can be performed to percent-level precision or better.
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An analytic Chebyshev-expansion method computes gravitational-wave fluxes from arbitrary-eccentricity Schwarzschild geodesics by reducing them to sums of prior Keplerian Fourier coefficients, with numerical tests showing 10^{-5} total flux accuracy and sub-10^{-6} mode errors for selected cases.
Moderately mitigated glitch streams induce negligible to minor biases (0.04–0.6σ) in EMRI parameters while weakly mitigated streams with higher-SNR events can reach ~1σ biases, making EMRI inference more robust than for MBHBs.
Proposes APTA with 6 satellites and 10^{-18} relative clock uncertainty at 1s averaging to achieve sensitivity for observing 10^3-10^4 solar-mass black hole mergers in the decihertz band.
Hardening binaries experience deterministic self-acceleration of their center of mass, induced precession, and plane rotation in uniform isotropic media, driving outward spiraling and eccentricity growth in all cases rather than circularization.
LISA forecasts for quadratically coupled ultralight dark matter show competitive or superior sensitivity to terrestrial and astrophysical probes in selected mass windows, free of screening.
Conditional normalizing flows perform likelihood-free parameter estimation for single and overlapping LISA galactic binaries, generating thousands of posterior samples per second after training on simulations.
Spinning test particles around rotating hairy black holes show finite-time instability in localized regions of the (spin, hair-parameter) plane that reorganize the strong-field phase space compared to Kerr.
A HeunC framework computes gravitational-wave fluxes from generic Kerr orbits with 10^{-11} relative errors and speedups of 3-60x over prior packages by eliminating auxiliary parameters via analytic continuation and adaptive quadrature.
The LQG parameter ξ enlarges equatorial bound orbit energy ranges, confines off-equatorial trajectories, and produces larger deviations from Kerr waveforms in EMRI models for two rotating LQG black holes, though signals fall below detector sensitivities.
Quasinormal modes of massive scalars in CFM brane-world black holes split into two types, with modes disappearing at critical masses where real or imaginary frequency parts reach zero.
Chaos arises for realistic secondary spins in Schwarzschild EMRIs and imprints measurable signatures on gravitational waves, including higher spectral flatness.
A magnetized Schwarzschild background shifts EMRI orbital dynamics and GW waveforms, with B~10^9 G producing ~1.3 rad dephasing over one year for a 10^6 M_sun system.
A new framework projects perturbations onto resonant frequencies via Hansen coefficients to produce efficient coupled ODEs for orbital elements in GW-driven relativistic binaries, demonstrated on tidal fields and accretion disks.
Computes scalar and tensor fluxes for eccentric EMRIs with massive scalars, quantifies dephasing, and shows via Fisher matrix that LISA can constrain scalar charge and mass.
Periodic orbits in charged LQG black holes produce zoom-whirl gravitational waveforms detectable by future space-based observatories, with features depending on the fixed polymerization parameter.
Analysis of how string cloud parameter a and dark matter parameter α alter MBO, ISCO, periodic orbits indexed by q, and the gravitational waveforms generated by those orbits in a modified Schwarzschild spacetime.
Derives perihelion shift equations for S2 star in generalized Schwarzschild-Dehnen BH-DM spacetime and constrains gamma, rho_s, rs via MCMC on Do et al. and Gillessen et al. datasets.
Multi-field tunneling analysis in a CP-violating NJL model yields a slow transition (β/H ~ 100) whose stochastic gravitational-wave signal is detectable by μAres and insensitive to the CP angle.
Plunge spectra of extreme mass ratio events onto black hole mimickers show a low-frequency resonance comb and a high-frequency deviation from black hole behavior above Mω_th ≈ 0.39.
A neural-network-accelerated hierarchical Bayesian pipeline is developed and validated on a phenomenological model to constrain EMRI population parameters from LISA data.
No evidence for deviations from general relativity is found in LIGO-Virgo binary black hole events, with improved constraints on waveform parameters, graviton mass, and ringdown properties.
For most studied EMRI orbits, omitting 3:2, 2:1, 4:3, or 3:1 resonance crossings causes significant SNR loss and Fisher biases exceeding 1σ, with coefficient signs and amplitudes controlling the effect.
Periodic orbits in Euler-Heisenberg black holes surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter produce burst-like gravitational wave signals whose amplitude and frequency content are modified by both dark matter density and QED parameters.
citing papers explorer
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Long-Lived Ringing of Near-Extremal Kerr Black Holes Resonantly Driven by Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals
EMRIs resonantly drive zero-damped modes of near-extremal Kerr black holes, with the pole recovered from real-frequency orbital data via complex-response tomography.
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Analytical Fluxes from Generic Schwarzschild Geodesics
An analytic Chebyshev-expansion method computes gravitational-wave fluxes from arbitrary-eccentricity Schwarzschild geodesics by reducing them to sums of prior Keplerian Fourier coefficients, with numerical tests showing 10^{-5} total flux accuracy and sub-10^{-6} mode errors for selected cases.
-
First-time assessment of glitch-induced bias and uncertainty in inference of extreme mass ratio inspirals
Moderately mitigated glitch streams induce negligible to minor biases (0.04–0.6σ) in EMRI parameters while weakly mitigated streams with higher-SNR events can reach ~1σ biases, making EMRI inference more robust than for MBHBs.
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Artificial Precision Timing Array: bridging the decihertz gravitational-wave sensitivity gap with clock satellites
Proposes APTA with 6 satellites and 10^{-18} relative clock uncertainty at 1s averaging to achieve sensitivity for observing 10^3-10^4 solar-mass black hole mergers in the decihertz band.
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Self-acceleration of Hardening Binaries
Hardening binaries experience deterministic self-acceleration of their center of mass, induced precession, and plane rotation in uniform isotropic media, driving outward spiraling and eccentricity growth in all cases rather than circularization.
-
Probing Quadratically Coupled Ultralight Dark Matter with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
LISA forecasts for quadratically coupled ultralight dark matter show competitive or superior sensitivity to terrestrial and astrophysical probes in selected mass windows, free of screening.
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Neural posterior estimation of Galactic Binary signals for the LISA mission
Conditional normalizing flows perform likelihood-free parameter estimation for single and overlapping LISA galactic binaries, generating thousands of posterior samples per second after training on simulations.
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Spin-Hair Induced Chaos of Spinning Test Particles in Rotating Hairy Black Holes
Spinning test particles around rotating hairy black holes show finite-time instability in localized regions of the (spin, hair-parameter) plane that reorganize the strong-field phase space compared to Kerr.
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Efficient and Stable Computation of Gravitational-Wave Fluxes from Generic Kerr Orbits via a Unified HeunC Framework
A HeunC framework computes gravitational-wave fluxes from generic Kerr orbits with 10^{-11} relative errors and speedups of 3-60x over prior packages by eliminating auxiliary parameters via analytic continuation and adaptive quadrature.
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Particle motions and gravitational waveforms in rotating black hole spacetimes of loop quantum gravity
The LQG parameter ξ enlarges equatorial bound orbit energy ranges, confines off-equatorial trajectories, and produces larger deviations from Kerr waveforms in EMRI models for two rotating LQG black holes, though signals fall below detector sensitivities.
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Two types of quasinormal modes of Casadio-Fabbri-Mazzacurati brane-world black holes
Quasinormal modes of massive scalars in CFM brane-world black holes split into two types, with modes disappearing at critical masses where real or imaginary frequency parts reach zero.
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Astrophysically Realistic Secondary Spins Trigger Chaos in Schwarzschild Spacetime and Discernible Gravitational Wave Signatures
Chaos arises for realistic secondary spins in Schwarzschild EMRIs and imprints measurable signatures on gravitational waves, including higher spectral flatness.
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Probing near-zone magnetic fields with extreme mass-ratio inspirals
A magnetized Schwarzschild background shifts EMRI orbital dynamics and GW waveforms, with B~10^9 G producing ~1.3 rad dephasing over one year for a 10^6 M_sun system.
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Dynamics of Relativistic Binaries in Structured and Stochastic Environments: A Lagrange-Fourier-Hansen Framework
A new framework projects perturbations onto resonant frequencies via Hansen coefficients to produce efficient coupled ODEs for orbital elements in GW-driven relativistic binaries, demonstrated on tidal fields and accretion disks.
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Massive scalar fields in eccentric regime: Detectability and constraints from LISA observations of extreme mass-ratio inspirals
Computes scalar and tensor fluxes for eccentric EMRIs with massive scalars, quantifies dephasing, and shows via Fisher matrix that LISA can constrain scalar charge and mass.
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Periodic orbits as probes of charged loop quantum gravity black holes through gravitational waves
Periodic orbits in charged LQG black holes produce zoom-whirl gravitational waveforms detectable by future space-based observatories, with features depending on the fixed polymerization parameter.
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Periodic orbits and gravitational waveforms around a Schwarzschild black hole with a cloud of strings embedded in perfect fluid dark matter
Analysis of how string cloud parameter a and dark matter parameter α alter MBO, ISCO, periodic orbits indexed by q, and the gravitational waveforms generated by those orbits in a modified Schwarzschild spacetime.
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Constraints on Schwarzschild Black Hole in a Generalized Dehnen-Type $(1,4,\gamma)$ Dark Matter Halo via the S2 Star Orbit around Sgr A$^\star$
Derives perihelion shift equations for S2 star in generalized Schwarzschild-Dehnen BH-DM spacetime and constrains gamma, rho_s, rs via MCMC on Do et al. and Gillessen et al. datasets.
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CP-violating multi-field phase transitions and gravitational waves in a hidden NJL sector
Multi-field tunneling analysis in a CP-violating NJL model yields a slow transition (β/H ~ 100) whose stochastic gravitational-wave signal is detectable by μAres and insensitive to the CP angle.
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Plunge spectra as discriminators of black hole mimickers
Plunge spectra of extreme mass ratio events onto black hole mimickers show a low-frequency resonance comb and a high-frequency deviation from black hole behavior above Mω_th ≈ 0.39.
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Constraints on the extreme mass-ratio inspiral population from LISA data
A neural-network-accelerated hierarchical Bayesian pipeline is developed and validated on a phenomenological model to constrain EMRI population parameters from LISA data.
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Tests of General Relativity with Binary Black Holes from the second LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
No evidence for deviations from general relativity is found in LIGO-Virgo binary black hole events, with improved constraints on waveform parameters, graviton mass, and ringdown properties.
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Parameter-estimation bias induced by transient orbital resonances in extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
For most studied EMRI orbits, omitting 3:2, 2:1, 4:3, or 3:1 resonance crossings causes significant SNR loss and Fisher biases exceeding 1σ, with coefficient signs and amplitudes controlling the effect.
-
Equatorial periodic orbits and gravitational wave signatures in Euler-Heisenberg black holes surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter
Periodic orbits in Euler-Heisenberg black holes surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter produce burst-like gravitational wave signals whose amplitude and frequency content are modified by both dark matter density and QED parameters.
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Probing Kerr Symmetry Breaking with LISA Extreme-Mass-Ratio Inspirals
LISA EMRIs can constrain deviations from Kerr equatorial symmetry to 10^{-2} and axial symmetry to 10^{-3} using Analytic Kludge waveforms and Fisher analysis.
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Are Black Holes Fuzzballs? Probing Horizon-Scale Structure with LISA
LISA can constrain non-axisymmetric mass quadrupole deformations at the 10^{-3} level and axisymmetric mass octupole deformations at the 10^{-2} level in EMRI signals to test fuzzball proposals.
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Environmental effects vs. modified gravity in the LISA massive black hole binary population
Population-level hierarchical analysis shows environmental effects from circumbinary disks are unlikely to bias LISA tests of general relativity for massive black hole binaries in realistic scenarios.
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Periodic Timelike Motion and Gravitational Wave Signatures around a Magnetically Charged Black Hole Surrounded by Quintessence
Quintessence parameter cq systematically shifts zoom-whirl periodic orbits and their numerical-kludge EMRI waveforms around a magnetically charged nonlinear-electrodynamics black hole into the LISA millihertz band.
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Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals
LISA can constrain the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter ell in bumblebee gravity to O(10^{-4}) uncertainty via EMRI waveform analysis in the AAK framework.
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Gravitational waves of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals in a rotating black hole with Dehnen dark matter halo
EMRI waveforms in a rotating black hole with Dehnen DM halo show amplitude and phase shifts from Kerr, with mismatch rising as DM mass parameter and black hole spin increase.
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Assessing EMRI Detectability of the Rotating Quantum Oppenheimer-Snyder Black Hole
Quantum corrections in rotating black holes produce detectable but spin-suppressed gravitational wave phase shifts in LISA EMRIs.
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Gravitational Wave Signatures of Schwarzschild Black Hole in a Generalized Dehnen-Type $(1,4,\gamma)$ Dark Matter Halo
Numerical study of timelike geodesics and millihertz gravitational waves from periodic orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole embedded in a (1,4,γ) Dehnen dark matter halo.
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Waveform Modelling for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
A review of existing waveform models for LISA sources and the challenges that must still be overcome.