Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-29T18:23:30.681253Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 5 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 50 of 50 outbound references and 5 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2605.27295.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-29T18:23:30.681253Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T11:43:22.620353Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: pith, observed 2026-07-04T05:59:37.208407Z
50 of 50 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation f41fbdb9-6d8a-42a2-8ef9-24b2bd34737f · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Learning transferable visual models from natural language supervision
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e7fac238-a33c-465b-b7e1-fe1da02bc226 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Scaling up visual and vision-language representation learning with noisy text supervision
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 213cdbed-22de-468e-a95d-2280f227c02e · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Siglip 2: Multilingual vision-language encoders with improved semantic understanding.Localization, and Dense Features, 6, 2025
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e13f9415-5761-4104-9d7a-8442f5c2f5f8 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini CoCa: Contrastive Captioners are Image-Text Foundation Models
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 5ffa7425-b8cb-455a-b801-b0885c98c391 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilities
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 4f7dc28a-ebe6-45f4-820b-f073e503127f · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Retrieval-augmented generation for knowledge-intensive nlp tasks.Advances in neural information processing systems, 33:9459–9474, 2020
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 3a88d700-ef09-4f06-8da0-2b5d972c9736 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.13595 , year=
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 56d20cda-a9d5-4452-810a-7713d314e434 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Microsoft COCO Captions: Data Collection and Evaluation Server
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 7cd2decd-4774-4b03-8060-2878214813bf · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Flickr30k Entities: Collecting Region-to-Phrase Correspondences for Richer Image-to-Sentence Models
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 7c777efa-e00a-4993-a633-bf788410d03c · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Msr-vtt: A large video description dataset for bridging video and language.2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pages 5288–5296, 2016
Reference 10
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d742cfc9-1ded-4ebf-89d7-67f3f55df680 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini BERT: pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding
Reference 11
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ce743864-dc51-4c9f-b3bf-ad10024c35a8 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation e651c241-d03a-43de-8583-23768ff10d9a · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini M3-Embedding: Multi-Linguality, Multi-Functionality, Multi-Granularity Text Embeddings Through Self-Knowledge Distillation
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 3ba63fe9-b520-487e-b783-ea1ad1556357 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Text Embeddings by Weakly-Supervised Contrastive Pre-training
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation d52205b2-7714-43fc-b89d-24a46f94bb24 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Gecko: Versatile Text Embeddings Distilled from Large Language Models
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 2ad044ba-680c-46fe-8b6a-01ce385dac3f · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini NV-Embed: Improved Techniques for Training LLMs as Generalist Embedding Models
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation d710f208-1463-4b5d-92ac-92e19ffe8607 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Mteb: Massive text embedding benchmark
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bba5a809-f0aa-4dfb-b96d-a0f6cd373c29 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Gemini Embedding: Generalizable Embeddings from Gemini
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 0c024d48-6300-4260-ad3f-66f8ef5c3d8e · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.12709 (2025) 2
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 84c08e4e-a02c-4620-b905-20489c6cdc01 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Amazon nova multimodal embeddings: State-of-the-art embedding model for agentic rag and semantic search
Reference 20
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7ef45a18-3a16-4182-b019-468cb531e09f · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini MoCa: Modality-aware Continual Pre-training Makes Better Bidirectional Multimodal Embeddings
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation dc643c07-c8c5-47a8-a898-d3d1f5ace4d0 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini MM-Embed: Universal Multimodal Retrieval with Multimodal LLMs
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 03687859-8d4e-430f-a72f-9b69413fbeb8 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Adapting Decoder-Based Language Models for Diverse Encoder Downstream Tasks
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 8422d2df-a23c-4a7a-af62-5ea36896a9f4 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Coding
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 334b8734-373d-41bd-bd77-5439f0bd8a97 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Matryoshka representation learning.Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 35:30233–30249, 2022
Reference 25
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation db4929d4-fdfb-40b6-aae9-6d4454025633 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Averaging Weights Leads to Wider Optima and Better Generalization
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 34daf114-b575-4c37-a88d-5776a2211aab · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Model soups: averaging weights of multiple fine-tuned models improves accuracy without increasing inference time
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 30204292-9702-4283-8913-7ec4349a7b9d · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Introducing the google uni- versal image embedding challenge
Reference 28
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 127b89fe-f73c-4f12-99bb-77eb594c1e52 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini author Dong, W
Reference 29
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Observation 3269f5d8-5b06-4512-80fc-667a87290235 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini DOCCI: Descriptions of Connected and Contrasting Images
Reference 30
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 1bce227a-59d6-415e-b499-4256eaefe95c · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini TextCaps: A Dataset for Image Captioning with Reading Comprehension
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 38df4655-2de9-4185-9099-1b5ea4b23d27 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini VATEX: A Large-Scale, High-Quality Multilingual Dataset for Video-and-Language Research
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation f534cd35-885a-48bd-949a-f64023e4143b · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videos
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation bc15209d-c146-4a70-8b1d-5e164b8b9d4e · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Encyclopedic vqa: Visual questions about detailed properties of fine-grained categories
Reference 34
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2a0846f5-b618-4c4c-b5b9-924da8970d6a · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Vidore benchmark v2: Raising the bar for visual retrieval
Reference 35
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation c0b38e93-8fe6-477b-9f06-777a70241b14 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Voyage multimodal 3.5
Reference 36
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 40102aaa-6fa9-4226-99ac-3cf50918c7d1 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Multimodal embeddings API
Reference 37
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 5298879f-654e-4063-8c00-c3f3a4b1dfeb · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Google universal image embedding
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b7fefc0c-c373-46c0-ae36-a56182e55700 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Msr-vtt: A large video description dataset for bridging video and language
Reference 39
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d99d0576-0d7a-4a9f-8708-0057fb070238 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini CoIR: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Code Information Retrieval Models
Reference 40
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 62109dfa-d410-4f52-b3e8-71c70c08b56f · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Massive sound embedding benchmark (mseb), 2026
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 47673b0a-9f6b-4a96-a8a9-c3290244c129 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Microvqa: A multimodal reasoning benchmark for microscopy-based scientific research
Reference 42
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d96bfdf5-0b7f-4955-b849-53ae9f7e01dd · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Artcap: A dataset for image captioning of fine art paintings.IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 11(1):576–587, 2022
Reference 43
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 15f4af27-8fe3-42f4-96f2-0a4e65a08b7f · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini AstroLLaVA: towards the unification of astronomical data and natural language
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 915b2211-651a-4a3e-a19e-67a44cf31621 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Recipe1m+: A dataset for learning cross-modal embeddings for cooking recipes and food images.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 43(1):187–203, 2021
Reference 45
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ee8dc2f1-8720-4862-87a8-d8a4171b509c · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini TIPS: Text-Image Pretraining with Spatial awareness
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation aa90389d-2a0e-4e6e-a67e-dcf99a679f1d · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Opencodeinterpreter: Integrating code generation with execution and refinement,
Reference 47
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a3b673c5-9590-426d-aa02-a43b1018e3b7 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini OpenCodeInterpreter: Integrating Code Generation with Execution and Refinement
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 4eecb4c8-6f00-46e7-99ed-566dcd2f5c26 · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b184677e-fcf6-494f-875f-104ef8ef4b6c · outbound
Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini Unresolved cited work
Reference 50
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 00cb9db0-bb9c-4779-b138-f5072ca87c96 · inbound
Traits Run Deeper: Trait-Specific Asymmetric Fusion for Personality Assessment Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini
Reference 38
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation 00a20ab4-c19d-4a05-b381-d5bb9d3652b5 · inbound
The Token Tax of Epistemic Accuracy: Comparing RAG and Long-Context Architectures for Document-Grounded Generative AI Applications Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini
Reference 21
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No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-05T06:32:48.257954+00:00.
Observation ac8ec57b-f516-4392-a998-a3e457e54e34 · inbound
AI Wizards at EXIST 2026: Hierarchical Soft-Label Learning for Multimodal Sexism Identification in Memes Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini
Reference 18
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 404724dd-83f2-4b20-ab67-34c4e15f0bc6 · inbound
Correcting Mode Collapse in Silicon Sampling with Semantic Similarity Rating Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini
Reference 17
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e83e423f-e064-4aec-96ef-b12ca0841479 · inbound
Geo-Embed: Towards Unified Multimodal Embeddings for Urban Understanding Gemini Embedding 2: A Native Multimodal Embedding Model from Gemini
Reference 12
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.