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arxiv: 2606.26810 · v1 · pith:WKBE2FOPnew · submitted 2026-06-25 · ❄️ cond-mat.mtrl-sci · cond-mat.mes-hall· physics.optics

Giant and Broadband Circular Dichroism from Particle-Hole Symmetry Breaking in Weyl Semimetals

Xiangyu Jiang , Zeping Shi , Yuhan Du , Haonan Chen , Jiayu Wang , Wenbin Wu , Guangyi Wang , Congming Hao
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Mingfan Yao Mingsen Zhou Xin Chen Chenyao Xu Zhongbo Yan Cheng Zhang Hai-Zhou Lu Junhao Chu Xiang Yuan
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Pith reviewed 2026-06-26 03:40 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ❄️ cond-mat.mtrl-sci cond-mat.mes-hallphysics.optics
keywords circular dichroismWeyl semimetalparticle-hole symmetry breakingmagneto-infrared spectroscopyLandau levelsMn(Bi,Sb)2Te4helicity selectivity
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The pith

Magnetization-induced particle-hole symmetry breaking in a Weyl semimetal produces giant broadband circular dichroism exceeding 3000 mdeg over the 6-13 micrometer range.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper shows that forcing a Weyl semimetal into a magnetic state breaks particle-hole symmetry so strongly that left- and right-circularly polarized light are absorbed very differently across a wide infrared window. Helicity-resolved magneto-infrared measurements on Mn(Bi,Sb)2Te4 record signals above 3000 mdeg with above-degree response persisting from 6 to 13 micrometers. A kp model traces the effect to magnetization-induced asymmetric spin-orbit coupling that removes spin-up parity-even components from the valence Landau levels, leaving strong helicity selectivity. Band nesting inherent to the type-II Weyl dispersion further amplifies the optical resonances. The result supplies a concrete route to helicity-resolved control in quantum materials without relying on structural chirality.

Core claim

In the magnetic-field-forced Weyl semimetal Mn(Bi,Sb)2Te4, magnetization-induced asymmetric spin-orbit coupling generates particle-hole symmetry breaking that suppresses spin-up, parity-even wavefunction components in the valence Landau band, producing pronounced optical helicity selectivity and giant circular dichroism enhanced by intrinsic band nesting of the type-II Weyl Landau levels.

What carries the argument

The kp model that reproduces the magneto-infrared spectra by linking asymmetric spin-orbit coupling to the suppression of specific Landau-level wavefunction components.

Load-bearing premise

The kp model and measured spectra correctly isolate particle-hole symmetry breaking as the dominant cause rather than disorder, surface states, or polarization artifacts.

What would settle it

A direct measurement showing that the circular dichroism collapses when the magnetic field is rotated to restore particle-hole symmetry while keeping the same Landau-level filling and band nesting.

read the original abstract

Circular dichroism originates from symmetry breaking of material structure, leading to differential absorption of left- and right-circularly polarized light. However, circular dichroism in most materials is inherently weak and spectrally narrow, especially in the mid-to-far infrared. Here, we uncover giant infrared circular dichroism in the magnetic-field-forced Weyl semimetal Mn(Bi,Sb)2Te4, driven by extreme particle-hole symmetry breaking. Helicity-resolved magneto-infrared spectroscopy reveals circular dichroism exceeding 3000 mdeg (~130 mdeg/nm) with above-degree response extending over the 6-13 {\mu}m spectral range. The optical resonances are enhanced by a strong band nesting effect intrinsic to the Landau levels of type-II Weyl dispersion. A symmetry-based kp model reproduces these magneto-infrared responses and demonstrates that magnetization-induced asymmetric spin-orbit coupling generates particle-hole symmetry breaking, suppressing spin-up, parity-even wavefunction components in the valence Landau band and thereby producing pronounced optical helicity selectivity. Our findings establish particle-hole symmetry breaking as an effective route toward helicity-resolved optical control in quantum materials.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 1 minor

Summary. The paper claims that helicity-resolved magneto-infrared spectroscopy on the magnetic-field-forced Weyl semimetal Mn(Bi,Sb)2Te4 reveals giant circular dichroism exceeding 3000 mdeg (~130 mdeg/nm) over the 6-13 μm range, arising from extreme particle-hole symmetry breaking in type-II Weyl Landau levels enhanced by band nesting; a symmetry-based kp model is stated to reproduce the responses and demonstrate that magnetization-induced asymmetric spin-orbit coupling suppresses spin-up parity-even components in the valence Landau band.

Significance. If the central claim holds and the kp model provides an independent demonstration rather than a post-hoc fit, the result would identify particle-hole symmetry breaking as a mechanism for giant broadband mid-IR circular dichroism, with implications for helicity-resolved optical control. The reported CD magnitude is unusually large, but significance is limited by the absence of quantitative model-experiment comparison and exclusion of alternative contributions.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: the statement that the kp model 'reproduces these magneto-infrared responses and demonstrates' the mechanism provides no details on the fitting procedure, choice of parameters, or quantitative metrics (e.g., residuals, error bars on the 3000 mdeg value, or data exclusion criteria), leaving open the possibility that the model was adjusted to match the observed resonances rather than serving as an independent test.
  2. [Abstract] Abstract: no quantitative bounds or explicit tests are given on the magnitude of disorder scattering, surface Fermi arcs, or instrumental polarization artifacts required to produce comparable helicity selectivity and spectral width; without such analysis it is unclear whether particle-hole symmetry breaking is isolated as the dominant cause.
minor comments (1)
  1. The phrase 'above-degree response' is ambiguous and should be clarified with respect to the CD magnitude or spectral range.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the detailed comments on our manuscript. We address each point below and plan to revise the manuscript to provide additional clarity and quantitative information as suggested.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: the statement that the kp model 'reproduces these magneto-infrared responses and demonstrates' the mechanism provides no details on the fitting procedure, choice of parameters, or quantitative metrics (e.g., residuals, error bars on the 3000 mdeg value, or data exclusion criteria), leaving open the possibility that the model was adjusted to match the observed resonances rather than serving as an independent test.

    Authors: We acknowledge that the abstract does not provide details on the model construction and comparison. The full manuscript describes the kp model in the methods section, with parameters derived from symmetry considerations and ab initio data. However, to address the referee's concern about the abstract, we will modify the abstract to include a brief note on the origin of the model parameters and add quantitative metrics to the supplementary information in the revised version. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: no quantitative bounds or explicit tests are given on the magnitude of disorder scattering, surface Fermi arcs, or instrumental polarization artifacts required to produce comparable helicity selectivity and spectral width; without such analysis it is unclear whether particle-hole symmetry breaking is isolated as the dominant cause.

    Authors: We agree that the manuscript does not provide explicit quantitative bounds on the magnitude of disorder scattering, surface Fermi arcs, or instrumental artifacts. This is a valid point, and we will include such analysis in the revised manuscript by estimating the expected contributions from these sources based on known parameters and showing they cannot account for the observed CD magnitude and bandwidth. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity detected

full rationale

The paper presents experimental magneto-infrared spectra and states that a symmetry-based kp model reproduces the responses while showing that magnetization-induced asymmetric SOC suppresses certain wavefunction components. No quoted equations or sections demonstrate that any central claim (e.g., the origin of CD or the band-nesting enhancement) reduces by construction to a fitted parameter, a self-citation chain, or a renamed input. The kp model is constructed from standard symmetry considerations for the material class and is not shown to be tautological with the target data. External benchmarks such as the measured CD magnitude and spectral range stand independently of the model interpretation.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

Based solely on the abstract, the central claim rests on the validity of the symmetry-based kp model and the assumption that the measured CD is intrinsic to the bulk Landau-level physics rather than extrinsic effects; no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities are listed in the provided text.

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discussion (0)

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