Pith. sign in

REVIEW 5 minor 1 cited by

Switchbacks grow via solar-wind expansion, erode by multiple processes, and reshape turbulence, heating, open flux and particle transport across the heliosphere.

Reviewed by Pith at T0; open to challenge. T0 means a machine referee read the full paper against a public rubric. the ladder, T0–T4 →

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗

T0 review · grok-4.5

2026-07-12 07:34 UTC pith:SYVFXHLU

load-bearing objection Solid community review that maps post-PSP switchback evolution and impacts without overclaiming; useful synthesis, not a new result.

arxiv 2607.02709 v1 pith:SYVFXHLU submitted 2026-07-02 physics.space-ph astro-ph.SRphysics.plasm-ph

Evolution and Impact of Switchbacks Throughout the Heliosphere

Alfred Mallet , Chen Shi , Anna Tenerani , Oleksiy Agapitov , Mojtaba Akhavan-Tafti , Samuel Badman , Nina Bizien , Trevor Bowen
show 18 more authors
Mihir I. Desai J.F. Drake Timothy Horbury Andrea Larosa Maria S. Madjarska Francesco Malara Lorenzo Matteini Mathew Owens Victor R\'eville Nikos Sioulas Shirsh Lata Soni Jonathan Squire Gabriel Ho Hin Suen Marc Swisdak Marco Velli Jaye Verniero Nicholas Watkins Luca Sorriso-Valvo
This is my paper
classification physics.space-ph astro-ph.SRphysics.plasm-ph
keywords solar windmagnetic switchbacksturbulenceAlfvén wavesParker Solar Probeheliospheresolar coronaopen flux
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

Magnetic switchbacks are large-amplitude, nearly constant-strength Alfvénic flips of the interplanetary field that dominate the near-Sun wind. This review establishes that solar-wind expansion systematically increases their normalized amplitude and steepens their boundaries, while dispersion, reconnection, parametric decay and shock interactions erode them in a scale-dependent way. The surviving population supplies free energy to the turbulent cascade, contributes to wind acceleration and heating, generates excess open flux, and efficiently scatters energetic particles. Mapping this life cycle is required to interpret Parker Solar Probe data and to build realistic models of the heliosphere as a whole.

Core claim

Switchbacks are dynamically evolving structures whose radial growth is driven by wave-action conservation and spherical polarization under expansion, while their decay is regulated by a suite of non-ideal processes; the net population injects a non-negligible fraction of the free energy that powers solar-wind turbulence, heating, acceleration, open-flux estimates and energetic-particle transport.

What carries the argument

The competition between expansion-driven growth of normalized Alfvén-wave amplitude (via wave-action conservation and the tendency toward constant |B|) and erosion by dispersion, reconnection, parametric decay and shocks. This balance sets the observed radial trends in occurrence, duration, Alfvénicity and boundary type.

Load-bearing premise

That the many different observational definitions of a switchback all sample the same physical population, so radial trends from different spacecraft can be compared directly.

What would settle it

A multi-spacecraft radial alignment that tracks the same switchback patch at two heliocentric distances and finds either pure WKB growth with no erosion signatures or no scale-dependent change in occurrence and duration.

Watch this falsifier — get emailed when new claim-graph text bears on it.

If this is right

  • Occurrence and duration statistics must be scale-dependent: short switchbacks decay while longer ones become more common with distance.
  • Energy budgets of the fast solar wind require the Alfvénic flux carried by switchback patches to close the acceleration and heating accounts.
  • In-situ open-flux estimates must correct for inverted flux generated by switchbacks, whose filling fraction rises with heliocentric distance.
  • Energetic-particle transport models must treat switchbacks as efficient scatterers and temporary magnetic traps for MeV–GeV protons.
  • Turbulence cascade rates and intermittency are systematically higher inside switchback-rich intervals than in quiescent wind.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • True multi-spacecraft conjunctions that follow the same plasma parcel will be decisive for separating in-situ generation from pure evolutionary effects.
  • If switchbacks are mainly expansion-amplified turbulence, their heating contribution should scale with residual expansion free energy below the Alfvén surface.
  • Boundary classification (rotational vs tangential) remains method-dependent; a consensus normal-finding algorithm is a prerequisite for any statistical erosion study.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit.

Referee Report

0 major / 5 minor

Summary. This is a community review of magnetic switchbacks in the solar wind, synthesizing post-PSP literature on their radial evolution and heliospheric impacts. Section 2 covers expansion-driven growth of normalized amplitude (wave-action conservation, Parker-spiral asymmetries, boundary steepening, Alfvénicity trends). Section 3 reviews erosion mechanisms (dispersive effects at kinetic-scale boundaries, reconnection, parametric decay, shock processing). Section 4 surveys impacts on the turbulent cascade, wind acceleration/heating, open-flux estimates, and energetic-particle scattering. Section 5 lists open questions and future directions (3-D topology, multi-definition categorization, energy-budget quantification, early-stage evolution). The manuscript advances no original quantitative claim; it maps the literature, flags definitional non-uniformity, and proposes concrete next steps.

Significance. The review is timely and useful. Switchbacks dominate near-Sun Alfvénic wind and affect turbulence, acceleration, open-flux accounting, and SEP transport; a single, carefully hedged synthesis of the post-PSP literature fills a clear need. Strengths include explicit acknowledgment of contradictory occurrence-rate studies, reconnection rarity, and Alfvénicity trends; balanced treatment of in-situ versus coronal origins; and a concrete future-work list (multi-definition statistics, expanding-box simulations, fast radial scans). The paper does not claim new parameter-free derivations or machine-checked proofs, but its value as a literature map and research agenda is high for the space-physics community.

minor comments (5)
  1. Introduction and §5 already note definitional non-uniformity; a short explicit table or paragraph early in §2 listing the main operational definitions used by the cited Helios/PSP/Ulysses/SO studies (90° deflection, constant-|B| Alfvénic rotation, patch statistics, etc.) would make cross-study comparisons easier for the reader.
  2. §2.4.2 / Table 1: the discontinuity classification thresholds (0.2, 0.4) are conventional but the text correctly cautions that flow information is omitted; a one-sentence reminder that Bizien et al. (2023) reclassification may revise the RD/TD radial trend of Akhavan-Tafti et al. (2022) would tighten the discussion.
  3. §3.2.1, Table 2 and Eq. (14): the erosion timescale estimates are useful; stating the assumed constancy of reconnection rate more prominently (already noted later) would avoid any impression that τ is model-independent.
  4. §4.3: the topological importance of the 90° threshold for open-flux excess is well explained; a brief cross-reference to Badman et al. (2026) on general switchback definitions would help readers who arrive only at this section.
  5. Minor presentation: a few repeated phrases (e.g., the ISSI workshop acknowledgment appears twice) and occasional missing spaces around citations can be cleaned in proof.

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity: community review synthesizing independent observational and simulation literature without new fitted predictions or self-definitional claims.

full rationale

This is an ISSI workshop review paper that maps post-PSP literature on switchback radial evolution (expansion-driven growth of normalized amplitude A via wave-action conservation, Parker-spiral asymmetries, boundary steepening) and erosion (dispersion, reconnection, PDI, shocks) plus impacts (turbulence cascade, acceleration/heating, open flux, SEP scattering). It advances no original quantitative derivation, fit-to-prediction, or uniqueness theorem. Self-citations (e.g., Tenerani et al. 2020/2021, Squire et al. 2020/2022, Mallet et al. 2021, Shi et al. 2021/2022/2024, Agapitov et al. 2022, Suen et al. 2023) refer to prior independent observational analyses or numerical simulations that are externally falsifiable against Helios/PSP/Ulysses/SO data; they do not reduce the review’s summary claims to tautologies by construction. The acknowledged fuzziness of switchback definitions (Introduction and §5) is flagged by the authors themselves as a limitation for future multi-definition studies, not used to force any result. No equations equate an output to a fitted input, and no ansatz is smuggled as a theorem. Honest non-finding: the derivation chain is simply a literature synthesis and is self-contained against external benchmarks.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 3 axioms · 0 invented entities

A pure review inherits the domain assumptions of the cited literature (WKB wave-action conservation, MHD/hybrid descriptions of Alfvénic structures, standard discontinuity classification thresholds, etc.) but introduces no free parameters of its own and invents no new physical entities.

axioms (3)
  • domain assumption Wave-action conservation (WKB) governs the radial evolution of Alfvén-wave energy in a radially expanding wind until nonlinear or kinetic effects intervene.
    Invoked throughout §2.1 as the baseline against which non-WKB decay of large-amplitude switchbacks is measured.
  • domain assumption Switchbacks remain approximately spherically polarized (nearly constant |B|) while their normalized amplitude grows.
    Used in §§2.1–2.3 to link expansion to parallel-field reversals and preferential deflections.
  • domain assumption Standard MHD discontinuity classification thresholds (collinearity 0.4, Δ|B|/|B| 0.2) meaningfully separate rotational from tangential boundaries.
    Adopted in §2.4.2 when discussing RD-to-TD evolution; the paper itself notes the method’s limitations.

pith-pipeline@v1.1.0-grok45 · 46985 in / 1945 out tokens · 22265 ms · 2026-07-12T07:34:13.547575+00:00 · methodology

0 comments
read the original abstract

Magnetic switchbacks are large-amplitude fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field, and appear frequently in the near-Sun solar wind explored recently by Parker Solar Probe: these new observations have prompted many new studies into their properties and origins. Here, we first review what is known about how switchbacks evolve as they travel away from the Sun: both in terms of their expansion-driven growth and their decay due to various processes like turbulence, reconnection, dispersion, parametric instability, and interaction with interplanetary shocks. We then review the current state of knowledge on how switchbacks impact the physics of the solar wind as a whole: in terms of the turbulent cascade, acceleration and heating of the wind, modification of the open solar flux and scattering of energetic particles. Finally, we suggest future studies to further our understanding of switchback evolution and impacts on the heliosphere.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Radial Evolution of Near-Sun Magnetic Switchbacks Alfvenicity, Occurrence Rate, and Size

    astro-ph.SR 2026-07 accept novelty 5.5

    Near-Sun switchbacks lose Alfvénicity with radius while occurrence and size grow, prefer fast high-MA wind, and are ~1.5× larger/more frequent perpendicular to the background field.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

287 extracted references · 9 canonical work pages · cited by 1 Pith paper

  1. [1]

    Suppression of the collisionless tearing mode by flow shear: implications for reconnection onset in the

    Mallet, A and Eriksson, S and Swisdak, M and Juno, J , journal=. Suppression of the collisionless tearing mode by flow shear: implications for reconnection onset in the. 2025 , doi=

    2025

  2. [2]

    Space Sci Rev , volume=

    The solar probe plus mission: humanity’s first visit to our star , author=. Space Sci Rev , volume=. 2016 , doi=

    2016

  3. [3]

    Formation Mechanisms of Switchbacks

    Could Switchbacks Originate in the Lower Solar Atmosphere? I. Formation Mechanisms of Switchbacks. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abec49 , archivePrefix =. 2103.03726 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abec49

  4. [4]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    Stirring the base of the solar wind: On heat transfer and vortex formation. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243947 , archivePrefix =. 2207.02878 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243947

  5. [5]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    Propagation of untwisting solar jets from the low-beta corona into the super-Alfv \'e nic wind: Testing a solar origin scenario for switchbacks. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452019 , archivePrefix =. 2412.15930 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202452019

  6. [6]

    Role of Large-amplitude

    Velli, Marco and others , journal=. Role of Large-amplitude. 2026 , note=

    2026

  7. [7]

    Space Sci

    Properties of Magnetic Switchbacks in the Near-Sun Solar Wind. Space Sci. Rev. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-026-01267-w , adsurl =

    doi:10.1007/s11214-026-01267-w

  8. [8]

    Space Sci Rev , volume=

    Potential Solar Contributors to Magnetic Switchbacks , author=. Space Sci Rev , volume=. 2025 , publisher=

    2025

  9. [9]

    Space Sci Rev , volume=

    Magnetic switchback formation: a review of proposed mechanisms , author=. Space Sci Rev , volume=. 2026 , note=

    2026

  10. [10]

    Astrophys J Suppl S , volume=

    The solar probe cup on the Parker Solar Probe , author=. Astrophys J Suppl S , volume=. 2020 , doi=

    2020

  11. [11]

    Astrophys J , volume=

    Low-frequency waves and turbulence in an open magnetic region: Timescales and heating efficiency , author=. Astrophys J , volume=. 2003 , doi=

    2003

  12. [12]

    2009 , doi=

    Chandran, Benjamin DG and Hollweg, Joseph V , journal=. 2009 , doi=

    2009

  13. [13]

    Phys Plasmas , volume=

    Scaling of Sweet--Parker reconnection with secondary islands , author=. Phys Plasmas , volume=. 2009 , doi=

    2009

  14. [14]

    Astrophys J Suppl S , keywords =

    First In Situ Measurements of Electron Density and Temperature from Quasi-thermal Noise Spectroscopy with Parker Solar Probe/FIELDS. Astrophys J Suppl S , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5a84 , archivePrefix =. 1912.02518 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5a84 1912

  15. [15]

    Phys Rev Lett , volume=

    Construction of solar-wind-like magnetic fields , author=. Phys Rev Lett , volume=. 2012 , doi=

    2012

  16. [16]

    Dimmock and Emilia Kilpua

    Emiliya Yordanova and Zolt \' a n Vörös and Luca Sorriso-Valvo and Andrew P. Dimmock and Emilia Kilpua. A Possible Link between Turbulence and Plasma Heating , journal =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac1942 , year = 2021, month =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac1942 2021

  17. [17]

    Astrophys J Lett , volume=

    Building up solar-wind-like 3D uniform-intensity magnetic fields , author=. Astrophys J Lett , volume=. 2019 , doi=

    2019

  18. [18]

    Living Rev Sol Phys , volume=

    The heliospheric magnetic field , author=. Living Rev Sol Phys , volume=. 2013 , doi=

    2013

  19. [19]

    Phys Rev Lett , volume=

    Two-dimensional kinetic turbulence in the solar wind , author=. Phys Rev Lett , volume=. 2010 , doi=

    2010

  20. [20]

    Formation of spherically polarized

    Vasquez, Bernard J and Hollweg, Joseph V , journal=. Formation of spherically polarized. 1998 , doi=

    1998

  21. [21]

    Formation of arc-shaped

    Vasquez, Bernard J and Hollweg, Joseph V , journal=. Formation of arc-shaped. 1996 , doi=

    1996

  22. [22]

    2023 , issn =

    Scaling laws for the energy transfer in space plasma turbulence , journal =. 2023 , issn =. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2022.12.001 , author =

    doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2022.12.001 2023

  23. [23]

    J Geophys Res , keywords =

    Ulysses observations of microstreams in the solar wind from coronal holes. J Geophys Res , keywords =. doi:10.1029/95JA02723 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1029/95ja02723

  24. [25]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    In Situ Mechanisms are Necessary for Switchback Formation. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad60bc , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad60bc 2041

  25. [26]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Switchback Patches Evolve into Microstreams via Magnetic Relaxation. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad94da , adsnote =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad94da

  26. [27]

    Astrophys J , abstract =

    Honghong Wu and Chuanyi Tu and Jiansen He and Xin Wang and Liping Yang , title =. Astrophys J , abstract =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4fcc , year = 2022, month =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4fcc 2022

  27. [28]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    Helios 2 observations of solar wind turbulence decay in the inner heliosphere. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244889 , archivePrefix =. 2302.09064 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244889

  28. [29]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Switchbacks and Associated Magnetic Holes Observed near the A lfv\'en Critical Surface. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad06b4 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad06b4

  29. [30]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    The Temperature, Electron, and Pressure Characteristics of Switchbacks: Parker Solar Probe Observations. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ace694 , archivePrefix =. 2306.04773 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ace694

  30. [31]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    Energetic particle dynamics in a simplified model of a solar wind magnetic switchback. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346990 , archivePrefix =. 2307.13338 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346990

  31. [32]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Coherent deflection pattern and associated temperature enhancements in the near-Sun solar wind. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2309.13683 , archivePrefix =. 2309.13683 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.48550/arxiv.2309.13683

  32. [33]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Statistical Study of Anisotropic Proton Heating in Interplanetary Magnetic Switchbacks Measured by Parker Solar Probe. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acce9f , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acce9f 2041

  33. [34]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    The Structure and Origin of Switchbacks: Parker Solar Probe Observations. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd17e , archivePrefix =. 2301.10374 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd17e

  34. [35]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    Magnetic reconnection as an erosion mechanism for magnetic switchbacks. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202345922 , archivePrefix =. 2305.06035 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202345922

  35. [36]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    New Evidence on the Origin of Solar Wind Microstreams/Switchbacks. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acd54e , archivePrefix =. 2305.06914 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acd54e 2041

  36. [37]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Modelling the formation and evolution of solar wind microstreams: from coronal plumes to propagating A lfv\'enic velocity spikes. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2307.02210 , archivePrefix =. 2307.02210 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.48550/arxiv.2307.02210

  37. [38]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Occurrence and Evolution of Switchbacks in the Inner Heliosphere: Parker Solar Probe Observations. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acd778 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acd778 2041

  38. [39]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Nature, Generation, and Dissipation of A lfv\'enic Kinks/Switchbacks Observed by Parker Solar Probe and WIND. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/accf94 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/accf94

  39. [40]

    , keywords =

    Interchange reconnection as the source of the fast solar wind within coronal holes. , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05955-3 , archivePrefix =. 2208.07932 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1038/s41586-023-05955-3

  40. [41]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Intermittency and Alignment in Strong RMHD Turbulence. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/807/1/39 , archivePrefix =. 1403.6354 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/807/1/39

  41. [42]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Prospective Implications of Extreme-ultraviolet Coronal Plumes for Magnetic-network Genesis of Coronal Heating, Coronal-hole Solar Wind, and Solar-wind Magnetic Field Switchbacks. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acbe46 , archivePrefix =. 2303.00097 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acbe46 2041

  42. [43]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Statistical Study of Ejections in Coronal Hole Regions As Possible Sources of Solar Wind Switchbacks and Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acc0f1 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acc0f1 2041

  43. [44]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Magnetic Reconnection as the Driver of the Solar Wind. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acaf6c , archivePrefix =. 2301.00903 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acaf6c

  44. [45]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    On the Generation and Evolution of Switchbacks and the Morphology of the A lfv\'enic Transition: Low Mach-number Boundary Layers. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acb345 , archivePrefix =. 2301.05829 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acb345

  45. [46]

    Space Sci Rev , keywords =

    Parker Solar Probe: Four Years of Discoveries at Solar Cycle Minimum. Space Sci Rev , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-023-00952-4 , archivePrefix =. 2301.02727 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1007/s11214-023-00952-4

  46. [47]

    arXiv e-prints , keywords =

    Formation of Magnetic Switchbacks Observed by Parker Solar Probe. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2301.02572 , archivePrefix =. 2301.02572 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.48550/arxiv.2301.02572

  47. [48]

    Astrophys J , volume=

    Theory of Magnetic Switchbacks Fully Supported by Parker Solar Probe Observations , author=. Astrophys J , volume=. 2023 , publisher=

    2023

  48. [49]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    The Imprint of Intermittent Interchange Reconnection on the Solar Wind. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aca8ae , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aca8ae 2041

  49. [50]

    Mon Not R Astron Soc , keywords =

    Switchback deflections beyond the early parker solar probe encounters. Mon Not R Astron Soc , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2477 , archivePrefix =. 2204.12980 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2477

  50. [51]

    Phys Plasmas , keywords =

    On the properties of A lfv\'enic switchbacks in the expanding solar wind: The influence of the Parker spiral. Phys Plasmas , keywords =. doi:10.1063/5.0099924 , archivePrefix =. 2205.09455 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1063/5.0099924

  51. [52]

    On the construction of general large-amplitude spherically polarised

    Squire, Jonathan and Mallet, Alfred , journal=. On the construction of general large-amplitude spherically polarised. 2022 , doi=

    2022

  52. [53]

    Rev Geophys , volume=

    Spectral analysis of time series generated by nonlinear processes , author=. Rev Geophys , volume=. 1989 , doi=

    1989

  53. [54]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Magnetic Switchbacks Heat the Solar Corona. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac913d , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac913d 2041

  54. [55]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Observation of a Magnetic Switchback in the Solar Corona. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac8104 , archivePrefix =. 2206.03090 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac8104 2041

  55. [56]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Switchbacks in the Young Solar Wind: Electron Evolution Observed inside Switchbacks between 0.125 au and 0.25 au. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac88c4 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac88c4

  56. [57]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Patches of Magnetic Switchbacks and Their Origins. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c11 , archivePrefix =. 2206.03807 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac7c11

  57. [58]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Solar Chromospheric Network as a Source for Solar Wind Switchbacks. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac86bf , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac86bf 2041

  58. [59]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Magnetic Field Dropouts and Associated Plasma Wave Emission near the Electron Plasma Frequency at Switchback Boundaries as Observed by the Parker Solar Probe. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac80c3 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac80c3

  59. [60]

    , keywords =

    Searching for a Solar Source of Magnetic-Field Switchbacks in Parker Solar Probe's First Encounter. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11207-022-02022-4 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1007/s11207-022-02022-4

  60. [61]

    Phys Plasmas , year = 2022, month = jul, volume =

    On the properties of A lfv\'enic switchbacks in the expanding solar wind: Three-dimensional numerical simulations. Phys Plasmas , year = 2022, month = jul, volume =. doi:10.1063/5.0097983 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1063/5.0097983 2022

  61. [62]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Density and Velocity Fluctuations of Alpha Particles in Magnetic Switchbacks. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac6ba3 , archivePrefix =. 2204.13801 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac6ba3

  62. [63]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    The preferential orientation of magnetic switchbacks and its implications for solar magnetic flux transport. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243537 , archivePrefix =. 2203.14591 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243537

  63. [64]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Features of Magnetic Field Switchbacks in Relation to the Local-field Geometry of Large-amplitude A lfv\'enic Oscillations: Wind and PSP Observations. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac67d9 , archivePrefix =. 2204.09800 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac67d9 2041

  64. [65]

    J Geophys Res: Space , keywords =

    Density Compressions at Magnetic Switchbacks Associated With Fast Plasma: A Superposed Epoch Analysis. J Geophys Res: Space , keywords =. doi:10.1029/2022JA030382 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1029/2022ja030382

  65. [66]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Magnetic Switchback Occurrence Rates in the Inner Heliosphere: Parker Solar Probe and 1 au. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac62d4 , archivePrefix =. 2202.04216 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac62d4 2041

  66. [67]

    Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics , keywords =

    Analysis of the Distribution, Rotation and Scale Characteristics of Solar Wind Switchbacks: Comparison between the First and Second Encounters of Parker Solar Probe. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1674-4527/ac49e4 , archivePrefix =. 2201.08069 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/1674-4527/ac49e4

  67. [68]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Flux Rope Merging and the Structure of Switchbacks in the Solar Wind. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4016 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4016

  68. [69]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Sub- A lfv\'enic Solar Wind Observed by the Parker Solar Probe: Characterization of Turbulence, Anisotropy, Intermittency, and Switchback. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac4a5c , archivePrefix =. 2201.10718 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac4a5c 2041

  69. [70]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    On the Formation of Solar Wind and Switchbacks, and Quiet Sun Heating. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac3d88 , archivePrefix =. 2111.11668 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac3d88

  70. [71]

    Astron Astrophys , keywords =

    Switchback-like structures observed by Solar Orbiter. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141246 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141246

  71. [72]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    A Solar Source of A lfv\'enic Magnetic Field Switchbacks: In Situ Remnants of Magnetic Funnels on Supergranulation Scales. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2d8c , archivePrefix =. 2109.01069 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2d8c

  72. [73]

    Mon Not R Astron Soc , keywords =

    Plasma properties, switchback patches, and low -particle abundance in slow A lfv\'enic coronal hole wind at 0.13 au. Mon Not R Astron Soc , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2281 , archivePrefix =. 2106.01075 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2281

  73. [74]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Impact of Switchbacks on Turbulent Cascade and Energy Transfer Rate in the Inner Heliosphere. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac36d1 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac36d1 2041

  74. [75]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Evolution of Switchbacks in the Inner Heliosphere. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac2606 , archivePrefix =. 2109.06341 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac2606 2041

  75. [76]

    Astrophys J Lett , keywords =

    Relation of Microstreams in the Polar Solar Wind to Switchbacks and Coronal X-Ray Jets. Astrophys J Lett , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac2945 , archivePrefix =. 2110.00079 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac2945 2041

  76. [77]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Characteristic Scales of Magnetic Switchback Patches Near the Sun and Their Possible Association With Solar Supergranulation and Granulation. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac1112 , archivePrefix =. 2109.01519 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac1112

  77. [78]

    Possible consequences for magnetic field inversions

    Solar wind rotation rate and shear at coronal hole boundaries. Possible consequences for magnetic field inversions. Astron Astrophys , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040180 , archivePrefix =. 2104.08393 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202040180

  78. [80]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Evolution of Large-amplitude A lfv\'en Waves and Generation of Switchbacks in the Expanding Solar Wind. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0c12 , archivePrefix =. 2104.08321 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0c12

  79. [81]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Near-Sun Switchback Boundaries: Dissipation with Solar Distance. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac079f , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac079f

  80. [82]

    Astrophys J , keywords =

    Assessing the Role of Interchange Reconnection in Forming Switchbacks. Astrophys J , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0a73 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0a73

Showing first 80 references.