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Stabilizing Off-Policy Q-Learning via Bootstrapping Error Reduction

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arxiv 1906.00949 v2 pith:2ISVUUXE submitted 2019-06-03 cs.LG stat.ML

Stabilizing Off-Policy Q-Learning via Bootstrapping Error Reduction

classification cs.LG stat.ML
keywords bootstrappingoff-policyerrordatamethodsbackupbeardemonstrate
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Off-policy reinforcement learning aims to leverage experience collected from prior policies for sample-efficient learning. However, in practice, commonly used off-policy approximate dynamic programming methods based on Q-learning and actor-critic methods are highly sensitive to the data distribution, and can make only limited progress without collecting additional on-policy data. As a step towards more robust off-policy algorithms, we study the setting where the off-policy experience is fixed and there is no further interaction with the environment. We identify bootstrapping error as a key source of instability in current methods. Bootstrapping error is due to bootstrapping from actions that lie outside of the training data distribution, and it accumulates via the Bellman backup operator. We theoretically analyze bootstrapping error, and demonstrate how carefully constraining action selection in the backup can mitigate it. Based on our analysis, we propose a practical algorithm, bootstrapping error accumulation reduction (BEAR). We demonstrate that BEAR is able to learn robustly from different off-policy distributions, including random and suboptimal demonstrations, on a range of continuous control tasks.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

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