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Axion-Gauge Dynamics During Inflation as the Origin of Pulsar Timing Array Signals and Primordial Black Holes

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arxiv 2307.02322 v3 pith:2LWXXCMO submitted 2023-07-05 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-ph

classification astro-ph.COgr-qchep-ph
keywords primordialarrayaxion-axion-gaugeblackduringdynamicsfind
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abstract

We demonstrate that the recently announced signal for a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) from pulsar timing array (PTA) observations, if attributed to new physics, is compatible with primordial GW production due to axion-gauge dynamics during inflation. More specifically we find that axion-$U(1)$ models may lead to sufficient particle production to explain the signal while simultaneously source some fraction of sub-solar mass primordial black holes (PBHs) as a signature. Moreover there is a parity violation in GW sector, hence the model suggests chiral GW search as a concrete target for future. We further analyze the axion-$SU(2)$ coupling signatures and find that in the low/mild backreaction regime, it is incapable of producing PTA evidence and the tensor-to-scalar ratio is low at the peak, hence it overproduces scalar perturbations and PBHs.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. High-frequency gravitational waves from axion inflation in the weak-backreaction regime

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Even in the weak-backreaction regime, axion inflation produces high-frequency primordial gravitational waves many orders of magnitude above the vacuum spectrum, peaking around MHz–GHz.

  2. Scalar-induced gravitational waves from a box-shaped curvature power spectrum

    gr-qc 2026-07 accept novelty 5.5 of 10

    Analytic SIGW spectra for a log-box curvature power spectrum: narrow-box geometric overlap factor turning IR slope k^{3}ln^{2}k into k^{2}ln^{2}k, plus broad-box product of universal edge functions.

  3. Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability: Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability allows narrow curvature spectra to exponentially suppress primordial black hole overproduction via correlation coefficient ρ approaching -1 while retaining s...

  4. Oscillations and parity violation in gravitational wave background from extra tensor modes

    astro-ph.CO 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Linear mixing between metric and extra spin-2 tensor modes during inflation produces oscillatory and chiral gravitational wave backgrounds with features that future detectors could identify.

  5. Comparative study of the strong backreaction regime in axion inflation: the effect of the potential

    astro-ph.CO 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    In lattice simulations of axion inflation, the strong-backreaction stage that lengthens inflation occurs for all seven tested potentials, but its duration varies strongly with the potential.

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