Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T22:59:56.511206Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 101 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2505.05794.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T22:59:56.511206Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-06-27T08:15:24.364818Z
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-07-03T13:18:13.003289Z
100 of 101 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation dd9b2a66-3df6-414f-913b-ed20e5d39034 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 082cdd6c-c530-4668-8aca-dbf352fe2e38 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation be899b05-00c7-4084-bfc7-2d9d6ba0c30e · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Feldmann, N
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fa0d741d-cbf9-4737-9915-93493fa3b9a1 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Cheng, Y
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f5dad939-346a-45fa-9fa1-5dede688c962 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cfcf0e21-d88d-490f-8429-9b99e3484ba6 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 703281cc-8381-400e-bf30-73f326c45255 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a9ccecf8-0c41-4589-966c-fbecd7b2b64b · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f5ce330c-16b0-4464-a3a6-84ab39e1b842 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation cb6693b5-2eb9-493b-8cbb-a7d0d977b416 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 00d10ec8-04c2-45af-9a4f-f7c27c8611bb · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation f5e448bb-258e-4527-9d05-c67939dd8e2e · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Zarei, M.-r
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e4e3e9a6-5b44-4065-b10c-d4a86a69cb04 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation d9b98636-1979-4c94-b6e2-5d3cf0dc24d6 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation dda9941c-8a0f-474d-be53-62e5b91a63fd · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation fc9110cf-2bd4-44b9-b396-e63086276dc5 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1cdda39e-8541-442c-9d54-176e49c9b62a · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a22f50e4-e5be-475d-8ae0-91971627fff4 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 4534d9af-dfdf-4b87-8f57-40705e026e35 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Chang, V
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 719035da-3f72-4fc2-85c9-b5fae348d251 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Xiang, Z
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e5330e7c-b55c-410e-a06c-d61fb3f4966d · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 8d566abe-f380-48d6-9491-82016c3cc691 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 4f670e77-45c1-4109-8d8a-bfa1f670cb57 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Xiang, Y
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 7de1ef42-9344-4fa2-92fe-535523b74d2c · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 9aefb932-b885-4111-a2a3-b95ae75a2495 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Feldmann, N
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 921cb07d-b3cf-47d4-887b-20b9f5633582 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation eb1cc48b-ddb8-4865-a60b-5ec87d9d861f · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 5d1ebb9b-023a-4242-84db-fe6d9c31d93e · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation c50adbb4-bbc2-497a-a02f-fb3de8f205c0 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Cheng, R
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 76eedef4-901b-4292-b3ac-c273c56ef636 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 105376c0-bd74-4746-bcab-b346d2f258b9 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Busschaert, R
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation c6ecfb68-4505-4d6d-90f0-f78624fb86dd · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation a501d9c5-2aad-4403-af95-57967024f525 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 2437822c-78e5-46a9-ab66-7c7d9ad17cd9 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Pelgrin, H
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation eeab1fa7-ebe3-46fc-9ad1-76012db469b5 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Bandyopadhyay, A
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation b375b9b1-429e-4922-9b14-c168f82b4917 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Rizzo, A
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 47c8b3e9-b3fd-468f-aa9d-60877ce384e5 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips https : / / www
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 32b38587-31e5-4e7f-9656-b4ab24f546df · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Vranic, R
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation bafbdc90-9fb3-486c-963e-9edf7af80109 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Vaswani, N
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c53f5079-bb72-444b-8faa-ad4831486a96 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Radford, J
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 95ffc0bb-de79-47a2-8413-236546097d00 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b2a4f0bb-a734-4776-8ed3-ad179c720f5f · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasoners
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 379b4828-00bf-4af3-a632-78427e1394dd · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Self-Reflection in LLM Agents: Effects on Problem-Solving Performance
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation ebafce8e-3be6-4644-9a31-21c76df3ebe3 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 1bbad246-cac9-4e6a-a96e-ad7769c6ff95 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b53df78d-8088-42b9-bc86-cb3622608b10 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a36ff79c-c76d-432d-b060-32b568140552 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Tools
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 2c7ce625-d87e-4930-ba19-4f015f186514 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolation
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1a59d189-a8ab-43a7-9b7b-591bdbde5069 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0cca065a-3bde-4ddc-896a-d3151db70e96 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awareness
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation bcce9492-09ac-413e-8c99-819a02537294 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Qwen Technical Report
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation e0636475-1072-47d1-a7e1-31abcc797c50 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips GPT-4 Technical Report
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation b4f7094a-8332-45e1-8ce6-e4790cbf6da7 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation a589a761-bddf-42de-93e6-97062aa70b37 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Chowdhery, S
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 942b5d6f-7d42-4a2f-8e70-e9323948833d · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 255d4cd1-18a3-42ad-8e19-173782f13605 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips DeepSeek LLM: Scaling Open-Source Language Models with Longtermism
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 68fc871f-a880-49b2-af59-000e6572c4a3 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning
Reference 59
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 0ccb1257-fbb3-48a2-ba1e-9b9d76e9d6f4 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Zhang and B
Reference 60
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 14bb5231-917c-46e8-ac6f-296a1c437104 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 1af3c9f2-0281-4252-90b4-819c3e3cbe81 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Theunissen and J
Reference 62
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation bed1328f-ee94-4f98-a0ab-7d0717bfa1a2 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Nomura, Y
Reference 63
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 23c62122-733a-47cc-9140-4f004874c226 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Panzeri and S
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 96136f82-3f9a-4e77-b15c-12203927350e · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 81f806a6-7bc7-4749-9d17-a1a9ee02ceda · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 66
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 5780a69c-6966-46d9-aa66-15390b67e5c2 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 67
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c7caddd3-dc3e-4c04-a62c-ddc921500cd0 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Gallego, T
Reference 68
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 5536a5f8-301a-4681-93a0-fc43dfb28f90 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Huang, Y
Reference 69
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 06a7d59a-3f59-44bf-965c-71f9b8c6cae3 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 70
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 4a6790b3-1153-4d47-85f2-0376e4eb8a4a · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 71
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 26b30464-6c52-4f17-8953-9501e532f45c · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Borthakur and T
Reference 72
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c4bbd83e-2381-4f77-8ade-e05116a84069 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 73
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 4ff0518d-b42b-44c6-bf5e-619a4f4913a8 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Bartolozzi
Reference 74
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 4c563a06-69a7-4a76-827a-30789b347fc6 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 75
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 5f414fc4-582c-4175-a4c5-61927ebbd266 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 76
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 4a0c342f-edf3-4a90-aa92-ea5828accc7d · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 77
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation fc247f48-f921-4e07-b4bf-6507d6c315a6 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 78
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 97a3a409-31ba-4504-8e06-c821e87fb0f4 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 79
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f4a348c0-1b6b-4aa6-b476-bbda60a417f8 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Unresolved cited work
Reference 80
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 5a1d0f61-405b-4df2-ac5c-669f501217df · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Configurable Foundation Models: Building LLMs from a Modular Perspective
Reference 81
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 7b10a5e9-d8dc-4ccc-8410-f2862a24ed5b · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Bi and M.-m
Reference 82
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation fb1fe8ca-4d2f-47dc-86be-c2bfaa198e93 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Guyonneau, R
Reference 83
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.
Observation 7ef4ab7e-a506-455a-9517-e1250addbb50 · outbound
What Is Next for LLMs? Next-Generation AI Computing Hardware Using Photonic Chips Masquelier and S
Reference 84
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