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Pulsar Polarization Arrays
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abstract
Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) consisting of widely distributed and well-timed millisecond pulsars can serve as a galactic interferometer to measure gravitational waves. With the same data acquired for PTAs, we propose to develop pulsar polarization arrays (PPAs), to explore astrophysics and fundamental physics. As in the case of PTAs, PPAs are best suited to reveal temporal and spatial correlations at large scales that are hard to mimic by local noise. To demonstrate the physical potential of PPAs, we consider detection of ultralight axion-like dark matter (ALDM), through cosmic birefringence induced by its Chern-Simon coupling. Because of its tiny mass, the ultralight ALDM can be generated as a Bose-Einstein condensate, characterized by a strong wavy nature. Incorporating both temporal and spatial correlations of the signal, we show that PPAs have a potential to probe the Chern-Simon coupling up to $\sim 10^{-14}-10^{-17}$GeV$^{-1}$, with a mass range $\sim 10^{-27} - 10^{-21}$eV.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Identifying Monochromatic Signals in LISA and Taiji via Spectral Split: Gravitational Waves versus Ultralight Dark Matter
Orbital motion of a space GW detector creates sideband patterns that differ between gravitational waves and ultralight dark matter, enabling discrimination by counting harmonics.
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Reflection polarization of close binaries as a probe of axion dark matter birefringence
Phase-locked reflection polarization in close binaries can probe axion-photon coupling near 10^{-12} (single) to 10^{-13} GeV^{-1} (array) at ~10^{-20} eV via orbital-harmonic sidebands.
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Dark Photon Polarimetry
Dark photon polarimetry uses Faraday rotation of light from M87* and Sgr A* to set new limits on ultralight dark photon kinetic mixing.
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Probing Self-Interacting Dark Matter via Gravitational-Wave Background from Eccentric Supermassive Black Hole Mergers
Eccentric supermassive black hole binaries embedded in self-interacting dark matter produce a suppressed nanohertz gravitational-wave background, and current PTA data bound the cross section at sigma/mchi less than ab...
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Lensed fast radio bursts as a probe of time-varying gravitational potential induced by wave dark matter
Wave dark matter halo fluctuations would stretch lensed FRB signals by about 10^-10, a drift that one year of monitoring lensed repeating bursts could detect.
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The SKAO Pulsar Timing Array
An SKAO PTA with ~174 millisecond pulsars can dominate nanohertz GW sensitivity within four years and enable continuous-wave detections plus anisotropy maps of the gravitational-wave background.
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