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Parity-violating primordial gravitational waves from null energy condition violation

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arxiv 2406.16549 v2 pith:2ZEA57HX submitted 2024-06-24 astro-ph.CO gr-qchep-th

Zi-Wei Jiang , Yong Cai , Fei Wang , Yun-Song Piao This is my paper · ORCID
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keywords parity-violatingprimordialeffectsviolationfieldscenariosbackgroundcondition
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We investigate the parity-violating effects in primordial gravitational waves (GWs) due to null energy condition (NEC) violation in two very early universe scenarios: bounce-inflation and intermediate NEC violation during inflation. In both scenarios, we numerically solve the power spectra of parity-violating primordial GWs generated by coupling the background field and the spectator field with the Nieh-Yan term, respectively. We find that the background field can significantly enhance parity-violating effects at scales corresponding to the maximum of the GW power spectra. In contrast, the parity-violating effects produced by the spectator show significantly weaker observability even if the coupling constant is large. Therefore, in NEC-violating scenarios, the significant observable parity-violating effects in primordial GWs primarily arise from the physics directly related to NEC violation. This result highlights the potential of primordial GWs as crucial tools for exploring NEC-violating and parity-violating physics.

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Cited by 3 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Correlated parity violation in gravity and electromagnetism from five-dimensional spacetime

    gr-qc 2026-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A five-dimensional teleparallel Kaluza-Klein action produces a single parameter-free prediction: the electromagnetic helicity dispersion shift is exactly six times the gravitational one.

  2. Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Holes formed by Null Energy Condition Violation during Inflation

    gr-qc 2026-02 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A transient null-energy-condition violation during inflation is shown to produce a four-component gravitational-wave background — primordial, scalar-induced, PBH ringdown, and binary-merger — with only the solar-mass ...

  3. Tensor induced gravitational waves

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Second-order tensor-induced gravitational waves can shift the inferred parameters of small-scale primordial gravitational wave models fitted to NANOGrav 15-year data, with one model favored by Bayes factors.

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