Pith. sign in

REVIEW 1 cited by

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 1911.00380 v1 pith:4GY34XYP submitted 2019-11-01 astro-ph.EP

Ionized calcium in the atmospheres of two ultra-hot exoplanets WASP-33b and KELT-9b

classification astro-ph.EP
keywords calciumdetectionexoplanetsionizedkelt-9blinelinesupper
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
0 comments
read the original abstract

Ultra-hot Jupiters are emerging as a new class of exoplanets. Studying their chemical compositions and temperature structures will improve the understanding of their mass loss rate as well as their formation and evolution. We present the detection of ionized calcium in the two hottest giant exoplanets - KELT-9b and WASP-33b. By utilizing transit datasets from CARMENES and HARPS-N observations, we achieved high confidence level detections of Ca II using the cross-correlation method. We further obtain the transmission spectra around the individual lines of the Ca II H&K doublet and the near-infrared triplet, and measure their line profiles. The Ca II H&K lines have an average line depth of 2.02 $\pm$ 0.17 % (effective radius of 1.56 Rp) for WASP-33b and an average line depth of 0.78 $\pm$ 0.04 % (effective radius of 1.47 Rp) for KELT-9b, which indicates that the absorptions are from very high upper atmosphere layers close to the planetary Roche lobes. The observed Ca II lines are significantly deeper than the predicted values from the hydrostatic models. Such a discrepancy is probably a result of hydrodynamic outflow that transports a significant amount of Ca II into the upper atmosphere. The prominent Ca II detection with the lack of significant Ca I detection implies that calcium is mostly ionized in the upper atmospheres of the two planets.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Confirmation of Fe I on MASCARA-5 b's Dayside Observed With EXPRES

    astro-ph.EP 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    Confirmation of Fe I emission on MASCARA-5 b's dayside at 5.5 sigma significance using EXPRES, supporting a thermally inverted atmosphere with temperatures from ~2000 K to ~4500 K.