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FedML-HE: An Efficient Homomorphic-Encryption-Based Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning System

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arxiv 2303.10837 v3 pith:4OCFFSBQ submitted 2023-03-20 cs.LG cs.CR

classification cs.LGcs.CR
keywords learningmodelsfederatedfedml-helocalprivacyreductionsystem
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Federated Learning trains machine learning models on distributed devices by aggregating local model updates instead of local data. However, privacy concerns arise as the aggregated local models on the server may reveal sensitive personal information by inversion attacks. Privacy-preserving methods, such as homomorphic encryption (HE), then become necessary for FL training. Despite HE's privacy advantages, its applications suffer from impractical overheads, especially for foundation models. In this paper, we present FedML-HE, the first practical federated learning system with efficient HE-based secure model aggregation. FedML-HE proposes to selectively encrypt sensitive parameters, significantly reducing both computation and communication overheads during training while providing customizable privacy preservation. Our optimized system demonstrates considerable overhead reduction, particularly for large foundation models (e.g., ~10x reduction for ResNet-50, and up to ~40x reduction for BERT), demonstrating the potential for scalable HE-based FL deployment.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Hollow-LLM Attack: Computationally Trivial Weights in Zero-Knowledge Verification of LLM Inference

    cs.CR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    ZK-verified LLM inference can be fooled: a provider can serve a small model while producing valid proofs for a much larger declared model by embedding structure-preserving ghost weights.

  2. PRoVeFL: Private Robust and Verifiable Aggregation in Federated Learning

    cs.CR 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Multi-server multi-key FHE with a shared random mask lets PRoVeFL run complex Byzantine-robust FL aggregation privately and verifiably, with large reported speedups over Prio and ELSA.

  3. On What We Can Learn from Low-Resolution Data

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Low-resolution data improves high-resolution model performance when high-resolution samples are limited, via KL-divergence bounds and experiments on vision transformers and CNNs.

  4. A Multiparty Homomorphic Encryption Approach to Confidential Federated Kaplan Meier Survival Analysis

    cs.CR 2024-12 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    A threshold CKKS-based federated framework for Kaplan-Meier curves that aggregates encrypted per-time-point counts and matches centralized results while blocking reconstruction attacks.

  5. Enhancing Model Privacy in Federated Learning with Random Masking and Quantization

    cs.LG 2025-08 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    FedQSN hides part of the server model with random masks and quantizes the remainder to give clients a degraded proxy, reporting a large global-vs-proxy performance gap with modest loss in the final global model.

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