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Model-Independent Test of Prerecombination New Physics: Measuring the Sound Horizon with Gravitational Wave Standard Sirens and the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Angular Scale
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abstract
In a broad class of cosmological models where spacetime is described by a pseudo-Riemannian manifold, photons propagate along null geodesics, and their number is conserved, upcoming Gravitational Wave (GW) observations can be combined with measurements of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) angular scale to provide model-independent estimates of the sound horizon at the baryon-drag epoch. By focusing on the accuracy expected from forthcoming surveys such as LISA GW standard sirens and DESI or Euclid angular BAO measurements, we forecast a relative precision of $\sigma_{r_{\rm d}} /r_{\rm d} \sim 1.5\%$ within the redshift range $z \lesssim 1$. This approach will offer a unique model-independent measure of a fundamental scale characterizing the early universe, which is competitive with model-dependent values inferred within specific theoretical frameworks. These measurements can serve as a consistency test for $\Lambda$CDM, potentially clarifying the nature of the Hubble tension and confirming or ruling out new physics prior to recombination with a statistical significance of $\sim 4\sigma$.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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BAO miscalibration cannot rescue late-time solutions to the Hubble tension
Even after rescaling BAO data to prefer H0≈73 km/s/Mpc, none of six tested late-time dark-energy models can resolve the Hubble tension once unanchored SNeIa and CMB geometry are included.
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Sign Switching in Dark Sector Coupling Interactions as a Candidate for Resolving Cosmological Tensions
A sign-switching dark-sector coupling, fitted to CMB, DESI BAO, and supernova data, can simultaneously raise H0 and lower S8, but the preference over LambdaCDM depends on using SH0ES-calibrated supernovae.
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Hubble tension: a short review of theoretical explanations
A comprehensive review finds no theoretical Hubble-tension solution yet passes all consistency tests; new early-dark-energy chains reach high H0 only when the SH0ES calibration is added.
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The road towards precision measurements of $H_0$ with bright sirens in the Einstein Telescope era
Under simulated Einstein Telescope bright-siren catalogues, ~90 low-redshift events reach σ_H0≈1 km/s/Mpc alone; with BAO, ~20 suffice.
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In search of an interaction in the dark sector through Gaussian Process and ANN approaches
Reconstructed dark-sector interaction from CC and Pantheon+ data is consistent with zero for w_DE = -1 but becomes nonzero whenever w_DE is fixed away from -1, in both Gaussian Process and ANN analyses.
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DESI and SNe: Dynamical Dark Energy, $\Omega_m$ Tension or Systematics?
Reconstructing Ωm from DESI's w0waCDM fits shows an SNe-driven low-redshift departure from ΛCDM, with a 3.4σ disagreement between a DES supernova subsample and DESI full-shape clustering at the same effective redshift.
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