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Learning temporal formulas from examples is hard
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We study the problem of learning linear temporal logic (LTL) formulas from examples, as a first step towards expressing a property separating positive and negative instances in a way that is comprehensible for humans. In this paper we initiate the study of the computational complexity of the problem. Our main results are hardness results: we show that the LTL learning problem is NP-complete, both for the full logic and for almost all of its fragments. This motivates the search for efficient heuristics, and highlights the complexity of expressing separating properties in concise natural language.
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Cited by 2 Pith papers
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SAT-Based Bounded Fitting for the Description Logic ALC
Bounded fitting in ALC fragments with existential or universal restrictions is NP-complete even for a single positive and negative example, and a SAT-based implementation, ALC-SAT+, performs competitively with existin...
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What is Formal Verification without Specifications? A Survey on mining LTL Specifications
This is a structured survey and qualitative comparison of recent algorithms for learning LTL specifications from positive and negative behavioral examples.
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