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Omni-R1: Reinforcement Learning for Omnimodal Reasoning via Two-System Collaboration

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arxiv 2505.20256 v1 pith:5EE7TSSM submitted 2025-05-26 cs.CV

classification cs.CV
keywords reasoningomni-r1systemmodelsomnimodalunderstandingcollaborationdetail
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Long-horizon video-audio reasoning and fine-grained pixel understanding impose conflicting requirements on omnimodal models: dense temporal coverage demands many low-resolution frames, whereas precise grounding calls for high-resolution inputs. We tackle this trade-off with a two-system architecture: a Global Reasoning System selects informative keyframes and rewrites the task at low spatial cost, while a Detail Understanding System performs pixel-level grounding on the selected high-resolution snippets. Because ``optimal'' keyframe selection and reformulation are ambiguous and hard to supervise, we formulate them as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem and present Omni-R1, an end-to-end RL framework built on Group Relative Policy Optimization. Omni-R1 trains the Global Reasoning System through hierarchical rewards obtained via online collaboration with the Detail Understanding System, requiring only one epoch of RL on small task splits. Experiments on two challenging benchmarks, namely Referring Audio-Visual Segmentation (RefAVS) and Reasoning Video Object Segmentation (REVOS), show that Omni-R1 not only surpasses strong supervised baselines but also outperforms specialized state-of-the-art models, while substantially improving out-of-domain generalization and mitigating multimodal hallucination. Our results demonstrate the first successful application of RL to large-scale omnimodal reasoning and highlight a scalable path toward universally foundation models.

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Cited by 14 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Eliciting Complex Spatial Reasoning in MLLMs through Wide-Baseline Matching

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Authors create ReasonMatch-Bench and DCRL training to boost MLLM performance on wide-baseline matching, reporting gains over baselines while preserving general capabilities.

  2. Chain of Modality: From Static Fusion to Dynamic Orchestration in Omni-MLLMs

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Chain of Modality dynamically orchestrates multimodal input topologies and bifurcates cognitive execution to overcome static fusion biases in Omni-MLLMs.

  3. Script-a-Video: Deep Structured Audio-visual Captions via Factorized Streams and Relational Grounding

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    MTSS replaces monolithic video captions with factorized streams and relational grounding, yielding reported gains in understanding benchmarks and generation consistency.

  4. Omni-R1: Towards the Unified Generative Paradigm for Multimodal Reasoning

    cs.AI 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Omni-R1 unifies multimodal reasoning by generating intermediate images during the process in a SFT-plus-RL framework, with an Omni-R1-Zero variant that matches or exceeds it using only text data.

  5. XModBench: Benchmarking Cross-Modal Capabilities and Consistency in Omni-Language Models

    cs.CV 2025-10 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    XModBench is a tri-modal benchmark that systematically measures cross-modal consistency, modality disparities, and directional imbalances in omni-language models across five task families and all modality combinations.

  6. AVRT: Audio-Visual Reasoning Transfer through Single-Modality Teachers

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    AVRT transfers reasoning to audio-visual models by distilling traces from single-modality teachers via LLM merger followed by SFT cold-start and RL, achieving SOTA on OmniBench, DailyOmni, and MMAR with 3B/7B models.

  7. Audio-Cogito: Towards Deep Audio Reasoning in Large Audio Language Models

    eess.AS 2026-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Self-distillation of Qwen3-Omni-Thinking on 545k Cogito-Pipe audio reasoning traces yields the best open-source MMAR CoT scores and top-tier challenge ranking.

  8. LongVT: Incentivizing "Thinking with Long Videos" via Native Tool Calling

    cs.CV 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    LongVT adds native video-cropping tool calling to LMMs for interleaved multimodal chain-of-tool-thought reasoning on long videos and releases VideoSIAH data for training and evaluation.

  9. PRIMED: Adaptive Modality Suppression for Referring Audio-Visual Segmentation via Biased Competition

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    PRIMED improves referring audio-visual segmentation by using a modality prior decoder and competition-aware fusion to adaptively suppress irrelevant modalities.

  10. Audio-Cogito: Towards Deep Audio Reasoning in Large Audio Language Models

    eess.AS 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    Audio-Cogito is an open-source LALM using Cogito-pipe data curation and self-distillation to achieve leading open-source performance on audio reasoning benchmarks.

  11. OmniJigsaw: Enhancing Omni-Modal Reasoning via Modality-Orchestrated Reordering

    cs.CV 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0 of 10

    OmniJigsaw is a self-supervised proxy task that reconstructs shuffled audio-visual clips via joint integration, sample-level selection, and clip-level masking strategies, yielding gains on 15 video, audio, and reasoni...

  12. Group Relative Policy Optimization for Speech Recognition

    eess.AS 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Applying GRPO with rule-based rewards to LLM-based ASR improves WER by up to 18.4% relative and reduces hallucination errors on unseen acoustic conditions.

  13. Watch, Remember, Reason: Human-View Video Understanding with MLLMs

    cs.CV 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    This is a survey that frames video MLLM research via a human-view formulation of perceptual representations, memory states, reasoning traces, and predictions, then reviews methods, datasets, benchmarks, and open problems.

  14. RCoT-Seg: Reinforced Chain-of-Thought for Video Reasoning and Segmentation

    cs.CV 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    RCoT-Seg uses GRPO-reinforced keyframe selection from a CoT-start corpus followed by SAM2 mask propagation to improve video object segmentation under implicit temporal instructions over prior MLLM sampling methods.

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