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Metastable cosmic strings
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Many symmetry breaking patterns in grand unified theories (GUTs) give rise to cosmic strings that eventually decay when pairs of GUT monopoles spontaneously nucleate along the string cores. These strings are known as metastable cosmic strings and have intriguing implications for particle physics and cosmology. In this article, we discuss the current status of metastable cosmic strings, with a focus on possible GUT embeddings and connections to inflation, neutrinos, and gravitational waves (GWs). The GW signal emitted by a network of metastable cosmic strings in the early universe differs, in particular, from the signal emitted by topologically stable strings by a suppression at low frequencies. Therefore, if the underlying symmetry breaking scale is close to the GUT scale, the resulting GW spectrum can be accessible at current ground-based interferometers as well as at future space-based interferometers, such as LISA, and at the same time account for the signal in the most recent pulsar timing data sets. Metastable cosmic strings thus nourish the hope that future GW observations might shed light on fundamental physics close to the GUT scale.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Metastable cosmic strings are broken at the start
Metastable cosmic-string networks are typically broken within a Hubble time of formation by finite-temperature effects or by pre-existing monopoles, so matching NANOGrav requires m_M^2/μ ≳ 10^3.
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Do Cosmic String Segments Emit Gravitational Waves?
In realistic metastable cosmic string scenarios, thermal fluctuations on the string prevent endpoint monopoles from reaching relativistic speeds, so string segments contribute negligibly to the gravitational wave background.
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LISA Reconstruction Landscape for Metastable Cosmic Strings
LISA can reconstruct metastable cosmic-string tension and lifetime when it samples the tail-to-plateau transition, with residual κ_CS sensitivity possible even in high-SNR plateau-like spectra.
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From new physics to a running power law and back again: Minimal refitting techniques for the reconstruction of the gravitational-wave background signal in pulsar timing array data
A new refitting technique maps any gravitational-wave background spectrum onto a running-power-law reference model via sensitivity-weighted chi-squared minimization, and uses the pullback of the reference posterior to...
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Cosmic string gravitational wave backgrounds at LISA: I. Signal survey, template reconstruction, and model comparison
As provided, the manuscript body (random lasing) does not correspond to the abstract (cosmic string gravitational wave backgrounds at LISA), leaving the abstract's quantitative claims unsupported by any accessible text.
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Monopoles, Strings, Walls and Gravitational waves
Breaking SU(2) flavor gauge symmetry stepwise to nothing leaves monopoles, strings, and walls; collapsing walls can form composite strings whose gravitational-wave spectra fit PTA data and lie within reach of LVK and ...
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