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High-order nonlinear terahertz probing of the two-band superconductor MgB$_2$: Third- and fifth-order harmonic generation

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arxiv 2207.12361 v2 pith:5K2TYENV submitted 2022-07-25 cond-mat.supr-con cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-el

classification cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.str-el
keywords superconductinghigh-ordernonlinearphaseterahertzfieldfifth-ordergeneration
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We report on high-order harmonic generation in the two-band superconductor MgB$_2$ driven by intense terahertz electromagnetic pulses. Third- and fifth-order harmonics are resolved in time domain and investigated as a function of temperature and in applied magnetic fields crossing the superconducting phase boundary. The high-order harmonics in the superconducting phase reflects nonequilibrium dynamics of the superconducting order parameter in MgB$_2$, which is probed via nonlinear coupling to the terahertz field. The observed temperature and field dependence of the nonlinear response allows to establish the superconducting phase diagram.

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