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Counterfactual Explanations for Machine Learning: Challenges Revisited

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arxiv 2106.07756 v1 pith:AG6YLJ5U submitted 2021-06-14 cs.LG cs.AI

classification cs.LGcs.AI
keywords counterfactualcfesexplanationsindustryinsteadlearningmachinemodel
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Counterfactual explanations (CFEs) are an emerging technique under the umbrella of interpretability of machine learning (ML) models. They provide ``what if'' feedback of the form ``if an input datapoint were $x'$ instead of $x$, then an ML model's output would be $y'$ instead of $y$.'' Counterfactual explainability for ML models has yet to see widespread adoption in industry. In this short paper, we posit reasons for this slow uptake. Leveraging recent work outlining desirable properties of CFEs and our experience running the ML wing of a model monitoring startup, we identify outstanding obstacles hindering CFE deployment in industry.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Data and AI governance: Promoting equity, ethics, and fairness in large language models

    cs.CL 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    The paper proposes a lifecycle governance framework, built on the authors' BEATS benchmark, to quantify and mitigate bias, ethics, fairness, and factuality failures in large language models.

  2. Tabular Diffusion based Actionable Counterfactual Explanations for Network Intrusion Detection

    cs.LG 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A diffusion-based counterfactual explanation method for network intrusion detection, with distilled fast sampling and decision-tree global rules, is evaluated against six baselines on three NIDS datasets.

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