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Rethinking Kullback-Leibler Divergence in Knowledge Distillation for Large Language Models

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arxiv 2404.02657 v4 pith:AQBO3LKX submitted 2024-04-03 cs.CL cs.AI

classification cs.CLcs.AI
keywords divergenceepochskullback-leiblerllmsdistillationfocusesgithubknowledge
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Kullback-Leiber divergence has been widely used in Knowledge Distillation (KD) to compress Large Language Models (LLMs). Contrary to prior assertions that reverse Kullback-Leibler (RKL) divergence is mode-seeking and thus preferable over the mean-seeking forward Kullback-Leibler (FKL) divergence, this study empirically and theoretically demonstrates that neither mode-seeking nor mean-seeking properties manifest in KD for LLMs. Instead, RKL and FKL are found to share the same optimization objective and both converge after a sufficient number of epochs. However, due to practical constraints, LLMs are seldom trained for such an extensive number of epochs. Meanwhile, we further find that RKL focuses on the tail part of the distributions, while FKL focuses on the head part at the beginning epochs. Consequently, we propose a simple yet effective Adaptive Kullback-Leiber (AKL) divergence method, which adaptively allocates weights to combine FKL and RKL. Metric-based and GPT-4-based evaluations demonstrate that the proposed AKL outperforms the baselines across various tasks and improves the diversity and quality of generated responses. Codes are available at \href{https://github.com/wutaiqiang/LLM_KD_AKL}{github}.

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Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

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