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ThriftyDAgger: Budget-Aware Novelty and Risk Gating for Interactive Imitation Learning

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arxiv 2109.08273 v1 pith:B4XFQANU submitted 2021-09-17 cs.RO cs.AI

ThriftyDAgger: Budget-Aware Novelty and Risk Gating for Interactive Imitation Learning

classification cs.RO cs.AI
keywords humanthriftydaggerrobotinterventionslearningsupervisorburdenpolicy
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Effective robot learning often requires online human feedback and interventions that can cost significant human time, giving rise to the central challenge in interactive imitation learning: is it possible to control the timing and length of interventions to both facilitate learning and limit burden on the human supervisor? This paper presents ThriftyDAgger, an algorithm for actively querying a human supervisor given a desired budget of human interventions. ThriftyDAgger uses a learned switching policy to solicit interventions only at states that are sufficiently (1) novel, where the robot policy has no reference behavior to imitate, or (2) risky, where the robot has low confidence in task completion. To detect the latter, we introduce a novel metric for estimating risk under the current robot policy. Experiments in simulation and on a physical cable routing experiment suggest that ThriftyDAgger's intervention criteria balances task performance and supervisor burden more effectively than prior algorithms. ThriftyDAgger can also be applied at execution time, where it achieves a 100% success rate on both the simulation and physical tasks. A user study (N=10) in which users control a three-robot fleet while also performing a concentration task suggests that ThriftyDAgger increases human and robot performance by 58% and 80% respectively compared to the next best algorithm while reducing supervisor burden.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. It's Not Just More Demos: Counterfactual Action Sensitivity Coverage for Data-Efficient Robust Robot Imitation

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Pairing clean and nuisance observations to measure action drift lets CFNBC select 20–30 counterfactual repair examples that outperform matched random selection for robust imitation.

  2. One Demonstration Is Enough for Real-World Robotic Reinforcement Learning

    cs.RO 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    AutoSERL achieves strong performance on six real-world robot manipulation tasks using RL guided by a single demonstration via sliding-window intervention, safety recovery, and automatic termination.

  3. Perfect Demo Makes Poor Teacher: Learning Robust Alignment from Critical Motion Segments

    cs.RO 2026-06 conditional novelty 6.0

    Fluent expert demonstrations under-supervise the short alignment phase that decides success, and a compact spatio-temporal dynamic feature (STAIR) recovers most of the deliberate-demonstration gain from fluent data alone.

  4. RePO-VLA: Recovery-Driven Policy Optimization for Vision-Language-Action Models

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    RePO-VLA raises average adversarial success rates in VLA manipulation from 20% to 75% by using recovery-aware initialization, a progress-aware semantic value function, and value-conditioned refinement on success and c...

  5. When to Trust Imagination: Adaptive Action Execution for World Action Models

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Future Forward Dynamics Causal Attention (FFDC) enables World Action Models to adaptively choose action chunk lengths based on prediction-observation consistency, cutting model inferences by 69% and improving real-wor...

  6. When to Trust Imagination: Adaptive Action Execution for World Action Models

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A verifier called Future Forward Dynamics Causal Attention enables adaptive action execution in World Action Models, reducing model inferences by 69% and improving success rates in robotic tasks.

  7. Force-Aware Residual DAgger via Trajectory Editing for Precision Insertion with Impedance Control

    cs.RO 2026-03 conditional novelty 6.0

    TER-DAgger improves robotic precision insertion success rates by over 37% via residual policies from edited trajectories and force-aware intervention triggers.

  8. DeMaVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Foundation Model for Generalizable Deformable Manipulation

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    DeMaVLA is a VLA foundation model using a pruned action expert and flow matching, pre-trained on 5000 hours of real demonstrations and post-trained on multi-task folding data with human-in-the-loop correction, reporti...

  9. Force-Aware Residual DAgger via Trajectory Editing for Precision Insertion with Impedance Control

    cs.RO 2026-03 conditional novelty 5.0

    TER-DAgger uses force-prediction mismatches to trigger human corrections and residual-policy training, lifting precision-insertion success from 40.0% to 77.2% on average.

  10. MimicGen: A Data Generation System for Scalable Robot Learning using Human Demonstrations

    cs.RO 2023-10 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    MimicGen creates over 50K robot demonstrations from roughly 200 human ones, allowing imitation learning to achieve strong performance on complex long-horizon tasks like assembly and coffee preparation.

  11. VR-DAgger: Immersive VR for Dexterous Data Collection and Uncertainty-Guided On-Policy Correction

    cs.RO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    VR-DAgger is a VR-centered human-in-the-loop framework that applies MC dropout uncertainty to select and correct failure segments in diffusion policy rollouts, yielding up to 23 percentage point gains over behavioral ...

  12. Data Pyramid for Embodied Manipulation

    cs.RO 2026-07 conditional novelty 3.0

    Embodied training data form a five-layer pyramid—real-robot, UMI, ego/exo, simulation, general V–L—ordered by the trade-off between scale and robot alignment, and model capabilities track how those layers are mixed.

  13. A Review of Learning-Based Motion Planning: Toward a Data-Driven Optimal Control Approach

    cs.RO 2025-12 conditional novelty 3.0

    A position/review paper argues data-driven model predictive control is the best route to safe, adaptive, human-like autonomous-driving motion planning, but provides no new derivation or experiment.