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OS-Copilot: Towards Generalist Computer Agents with Self-Improvement

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arxiv 2402.07456 v2 pith:B6G4LGJ7 submitted 2024-02-12 cs.AI

classification cs.AI
keywords agentscomputeros-copilotfridaygeneraltasksapplicationscapable
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Autonomous interaction with the computer has been a longstanding challenge with great potential, and the recent proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has markedly accelerated progress in building digital agents. However, most of these agents are designed to interact with a narrow domain, such as a specific software or website. This narrow focus constrains their applicability for general computer tasks. To this end, we introduce OS-Copilot, a framework to build generalist agents capable of interfacing with comprehensive elements in an operating system (OS), including the web, code terminals, files, multimedia, and various third-party applications. We use OS-Copilot to create FRIDAY, a self-improving embodied agent for automating general computer tasks. On GAIA, a general AI assistants benchmark, FRIDAY outperforms previous methods by 35%, showcasing strong generalization to unseen applications via accumulated skills from previous tasks. We also present numerical and quantitative evidence that FRIDAY learns to control and self-improve on Excel and Powerpoint with minimal supervision. Our OS-Copilot framework and empirical findings provide infrastructure and insights for future research toward more capable and general-purpose computer agents.

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Cited by 12 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

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    cs.AI 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    VLM judges of CUA trajectories are systematically lenient; OSReward measures this with human gold, and OS-Shepherd open models close most of the reliability gap cheaply.

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    cs.CV 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A decoupled planner-executor GUI agent, trained by per-app reinforcement learning followed by specialist-to-generalist distillation, lifts ScienceBoard success from about 7.6% to 21.0% average and 40% pass@8.

  3. PG-Agent: An Agent Powered by Page Graph

    cs.AI 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An MLLM GUI agent that stores past episodes as a page graph and retrieves action guidelines from it improves step success on three benchmarks.

  4. SEAgent: Self-Evolving Computer Use Agent with Autonomous Learning from Experience

    cs.AI 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A self-evolving computer-use agent trained with full-trajectory state judging and curriculum task generation goes from 11.3% to 34.5% average success on five OSWorld apps, and a specialist-to-generalist variant beats ...

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    Magentic-UI, an open-source human-in-the-loop agent interface, reports that lightweight simulated-user input raises GAIA task completion from 30.3% to 51.9%.

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    cs.CV 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

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    cs.AI 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

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  10. OAgents: An Empirical Study of Building Effective Agents

    cs.AI 2025-06 reject novelty 5.0 of 10

    OAgents reports a framework and ablation study claiming open-source state-of-the-art on GAIA, but the empirical evidence is weakened by benchmark fitting and missing statistics.

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    cs.AI 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

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