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Are LLMs Correctly Integrated into Software Systems?

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arxiv 2407.05138 v2 pith:CDFNKY3N submitted 2024-07-06 cs.SE cs.AI

classification cs.SEcs.AI
keywords softwarellmsapplicationsdefectdefectsopen-sourcesupportsystems
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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Large language models (LLMs) provide effective solutions in various application scenarios, with the support of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). However, developers face challenges in integrating LLM and RAG into software systems, due to lacking interface specifications, various requirements from software context, and complicated system management. In this paper, we have conducted a comprehensive study of 100 open-source applications that incorporate LLMs with RAG support, and identified 18 defect patterns. Our study reveals that 77% of these applications contain more than three types of integration defects that degrade software functionality, efficiency, and security. Guided by our study, we propose systematic guidelines for resolving these defects in software life cycle. We also construct an open-source defect library Hydrangea.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Understanding the Supply Chain and Risks of Large Language Model Applications

    cs.SE 2025-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A new benchmark dataset traces dependencies across 3,859 LLM applications, 109,211 models, 2,474 datasets, and 8,862 libraries, and finds widespread known vulnerabilities in application dependencies.

  2. Specification and Detection of LLM Code Smells

    cs.SE 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A catalog of five LLM code smells and a static detection tool find that 60.5% of 200 open-source LLM-using Python projects exhibit at least one smell.

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