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Particle shells from relativistic bubble walls

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arxiv 2403.05615 v2 pith:D5DHRGEQ submitted 2024-03-08 hep-ph astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qc

classification hep-phastro-ph.COastro-ph.HEgr-qc
keywords bubbleshellsfreewallsinteractionsparticlepredictionsrelativistic
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

Relativistic bubble walls from cosmological phase transitions (PT) necessarily accumulate expanding shells of particles. We systematically characterize shell properties, and identify and calculate the processes that prevent them from free streaming: phase-space saturation effects, out-of-equilibrium $2\to2$ and $3\to2$ shell-shell and shell-bath interactions, and shell interactions with bubble walls. We find that shells do not free stream in scenarios widely studied in the literature, where standard predictions will need to be reevaluated, including those of bubble wall velocities, gravitational waves (GW) and particle production. Our results support the use of bulk-flow GW predictions in all regions where shells free stream, irrespectively of whether or not the latent heat is mostly converted in the scalar field gradient.

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Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Can the universe be matter-dominated after a supercooled first-order phase transition?

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    After a supercooled first-order phase transition, the scalar field's equation of state is set by the bubble-wall Lorentz factor γ*, and matter domination is delayed until a/a* ≃ γ* in the free-streaming limit.

  2. Bubble wall dynamics from nonequilibrium quantum field theory

    hep-ph 2025-04 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The conventional kinetic equation of motion for bubble walls is incomplete, missing a condensate self-energy term that produces additional friction from particle production, mixing, and transition radiation.

  3. Particle Production via Rippled Bubble Walls

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A rippled bubble wall produces heavy particles resonantly when the momentum transfer matches the ripple frequency, potentially raising dark-matter abundance by orders of magnitude.

  4. Beyond the Daisy Chain: Running and the 3D EFT View of Supercooled Phase Transitions

    hep-ph 2025-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    With renormalisation-group running included, the one-loop high-temperature Daisy-resummed potential at µ=πT reproduces the phase-transition parameters of the two-loop dimensionally reduced EFT, while the no-running on...

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