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arxiv 2105.07274 v1 pith:D6R7ZJP7 submitted 2021-05-15 cond-mat.quant-gas cond-mat.stat-mechnlin.CDphysics.flu-dyn

Non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein Condensation

classification cond-mat.quant-gas cond-mat.stat-mechnlin.CDphysics.flu-dyn
keywords waveturbulenceresultsspectrumagreementbose-einsteinequationevolving
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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We investigate formation of Bose-Einstein condensates under non-equilibrium conditions using numerical simulations of the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. For this, we set initial random weakly nonlinear excitations and the forcing at high wave numbers, and study propagation of the turbulent spectrum toward the low wave numbers. Our primary goal is to compare the results for the evolving spectrum with the previous results obtained for the kinetic equation of weak wave turbulence. We demonstrate existence of a regime for which good agreement with the wave turbulence results is found in terms of the main features of the previously discussed self-similar solution. In particular, we find a reasonable agreement with the low-frequency and the high-frequency power-law asymptotics of the evolving solution, including the anomalous power-law exponent $x^* \approx 1.24$ for the three-dimensional waveaction spectrum. We also study the regimes of very weak turbulence, when the evolution is affected by the discreteness of the Fourier space, and the strong turbulence regime when emerging condensate modifies the wave dynamics and leads to formation of strongly nonlinear filamentary vortices.

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