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Model Tailor: Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multi-modal Large Language Models

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arxiv 2402.12048 v1 pith:DNM54WKW submitted 2024-02-19 cs.CL

classification cs.CL
keywords tasksmodelcatastrophicforgettingmethodoriginalperformanceanalysis
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

Catastrophic forgetting emerges as a critical challenge when fine-tuning multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), where improving performance on unseen tasks often leads to a significant performance drop on the original tasks. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of catastrophic forgetting in MLLMs and introduces a post-training adjustment method called Model Tailor. Our method primarily preserves the pre-trained parameters while replacing a small number ($\leq$ 10\%) of fine-tuned parameters, maintaining $\sim$ 99\% effectiveness on original tasks versus pre-training, and achieving $\sim$ 97\% on new tasks compared to standard fine-tuning. Specifically, we derive a sparse mask to identify the "model patch", based on a fusion strategy that integrates salience and sensitivity analysis. Subsequently, a compensation mechanism is introduced to "decorate the patch", enhancing the model's performance on both target and original tasks. Additionally, our method is adaptable to multi-task scenarios. Through extensive experiments on InstructBLIP and LLaVA-1.5 in both image captioning and visual question answering tasks, our approach demonstrates significant task adaptability while preserving inherent pre-trained capabilities.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. In-Context Collapse in Vision-Language Models and How to Mitigate it?

    cs.CV 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Many-shot in-context learning in vision-language models can collapse accuracy as demonstrations accumulate, and the failure is causally localized to the vision-language integration pathway, where a small adapter repairs it.

  2. UniGen-AR: Unifying Visual Generation with Auto-Regressive Modeling

    cs.CV 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    An MLLM-conditioned next-scale VAR decoder handles 15+ unified visual generation tasks with competitive quality and substantially lower latency than diffusion baselines.

  3. Scalable Strategies for Continual Learning with Replay

    cs.LG 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A replay-based continual learning toolkit that combines low-rank adaptation, a post-task consolidation phase, and sequential weight merging to cut replay sample usage by up to 65% at matched accuracy.

  4. Memorization and Knowledge Injection in Gated LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    MEGa injects episodic memories into separate gated LoRA adapters selected by embedding similarity, mitigating catastrophic forgetting and enabling recall, QA, and compositional questions on two datasets.

  5. Separate the Wheat from the Chaff: A Post-Hoc Approach to Safety Re-Alignment for Fine-Tuned Language Models

    cs.CL 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    IRR restores safety to fine-tuned LLMs by masking delta parameters that conflict with a safety vector, then recalibrating the survivors with inverse-Hessian compensation to preserve task performance.

  6. Locate-then-Merge: Neuron-Level Parameter Fusion for Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Multimodal LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Neuron-Fusion selectively restores large-change neurons from a fine-tuned multimodal model and suppresses small changes, improving language retention with modest visual trade-offs.

  7. Continual Learning for Generative AI: From LLMs to MLLMs and Beyond

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    A survey that categorizes continual learning methods for generative models into architecture-based, regularization-based, and replay-based paradigms across four model families.

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