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Axisymmetric magnetic fields in stars: relative strengths of poloidal and toroidal components
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In this third paper in a series on stable magnetic equilibria in stars, I look at the stability of axisymmetric field configurations and in particular at the relative strengths of the toroidal and poloidal components. Both toroidal and poloidal fields are unstable on their own, and stability is achieved by adding the two together in some ratio. I use Tayler's (1973) stability conditions for toroidal fields and other analytic tools to predict the range of stable ratios and then check these predictions by running numerical simulations. It is found that while the poloidal field can account for no more than approximately 80% of the total energy, it can account for a very small fraction of the energy, i.e. that the toroidal field can be -- and is likely to be -- significantly stronger than the poloidal. Furthermore, the weaker the field, the weaker the poloidal component can be in relation to the toroidal. The implications of this result are discussed in various contexts such as the emission of gravitational waves by neutron stars, free precession, and a `hidden' energy source for magnetars.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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Beyond the Tayler instability: A new global instability of toroidal magnetic fields in stars
A new global instability of toroidal magnetic fields in stars is reported that grows on the Alfvén time, is less dissipation-sensitive than the Tayler instability, and may affect angular momentum transport.
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Fast Radio Bursts produced during collapse of macroscopic X-mode in magnetized pair plasma
Nonlinear collapse of X-modes in magnetized pair plasma near current starvation produces short bright EM pulses identified as Fast Radio Bursts.
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Magnetic field dynamics in isolated neutron stars with an external dipole field
Long-term numerical relativity simulations find that neutron star magnetic fields relax to stable mixed configurations with toroidal energy fraction ≲10% within one Alfvén time after Tayler instability saturation.
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Anisotropic hybrid stars: Interplay of superconductivity and magnetic field leading to gravitational waves
New phenomenological anisotropy profiles in hybrid stars, driven by superconductivity and magnetic fields, lead to enhanced masses and continuous gravitational wave emission.
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