Electron charge coherence on a solid neon surface

Recent experiments show ~0.1 ms coherence time for a single electron charge qubit on a solid neon surface. This remarkably long coherence time is believed to result from the intrinsic purity of solid neon as a qubit host. In this paper, we present theoretical studies on the decoherence mechanisms of an electron's charge (lateral motional) states on solid neon. At the typical experimental temperature of ~10 mK, the two main decoherence mechanisms are the phonon-induced displacement of neon surface and phonon-induced modulation of neon permittivity (dielectric constant). With a qubit frequency increasing from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, the charge coherence time decreases from about 366 s to 7 ms and from about 27 s to 0.3 ms, respectively, limited by the two mechanisms above. The calculated coherence times are at least one order longer than the observed ones at ~6.4 GHz qubit frequency, suggesting plenty of room for experimental improvement.