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The cosmic-ray sea explains the diffuse Galactic gamma-ray and neutrino emission from GeV to PeV

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arxiv 2502.18268 v2 pith:FEQSPUR6 submitted 2025-02-25 astro-ph.HE

classification astro-ph.HE
keywords galacticgammadataemissionneutrinodiffuselhaasoarray
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abstract

The LHAASO collaboration has recently released the spectrum and the angular distribution of the $\gamma$-ray Galactic diffuse emission from 1 TeV to 1 PeV measured with the Kilometer-2 Array (KM2A) and Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA). We show that these data are in remarkably good agreement with a set of models that assume the emission to be produced by the Galactic population of cosmic rays if its spectral shape traces that measured by CALET and DAMPE as well as KASCADE at higher energies. No extra-components besides the CR sea is needed to explain LHAASO results. Accounting for unresolved sources, we consistently reproduce Tibet AS$\gamma$ as well as a wide set of $\gamma$-ray data at lower energy. To do this, we consider two different transport setups: a conventional one and a $\gamma$-optimized spatial-dependent one (a development of the widely adopted KRA$_\gamma$ model). We demonstrate that both setups are compatible with LHAASO results. However, the latter is preferred if one takes into account Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data and neutrino measurements. In fact, we also compute the associated Galactic neutrino diffuse emission finding that the contribution from sources cannot be dominant and showing that spatial-dependent propagation models closely match the ANTARES and IceCube best fits for the Galactic Center Ridge and the Galactic Plane emissions. We argue that our $\gamma$-optimized model should be used as a template for future analyses of upcoming data from the Global Neutrino Network.

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Forward citations

Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Galactic Center Neutrinos from Cosmic Ray-Dark Matter Interactions

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    ANTARES Galactic Ridge neutrino observations constrain DM-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections down to keV-scale DM masses via cosmic ray–dark matter deep inelastic scattering.

  2. Exploring New Propagation Scales With Galactic Neutrinos

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A projected joint IceCube+KM3NeT Galactic-neutrino analysis could constrain quasi-Dirac mass splittings near 10^-14-10^-12 eV^2 and nu3-to-nu1 decay rates above 5e-13 eV^2 at 90% CL.

  3. Dissecting the Diffuse Emission of the Galaxy with the HAWC Observatory

    astro-ph.HE 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    HAWC's Pass 5 analysis of 8 years of data yields new TeV diffuse galactic emission profiles with tails beyond 3 degrees latitude and a galactic-center excess relative to standard cosmic-ray propagation models.

  4. LHAASO protons versus LHAASO diffuse gamma-rays: a consistency check

    astro-ph.HE 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The LHAASO proton spectrum, folded with gas maps and interaction models, predicts a diffuse gamma-ray flux that exceeds LHAASO's measured diffuse gamma-ray flux, especially in the inner Galaxy.

  5. Constraints on Ultra-heavy DM from TeV-PeV gamma-ray diffuse measurements

    astro-ph.HE 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    HAWC and LHAASO diffuse gamma-ray data, modeled with prompt, inverse-Compton, absorption, and astrophysical background, produce the strongest constraints on decaying ultra-heavy dark matter above ~100 TeV.

  6. Breaking Dark: Hunting Heavy Decaying Dark Matter with Tibet AS$_\gamma$ and LHAASO-KM2A

    hep-ph 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Tibet ASγ and LHAASO-KM2A diffuse gamma-ray data exclude decaying dark matter lifetimes below about 10^28 seconds for masses around 10^6-10^9 GeV, for many Standard Model final states.

  7. The cosmic-ray sea explains the Galactic $\gamma$-ray and $\nu$ diffuse emissions from GeV to PeV

    astro-ph.HE 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    LHAASO's diffuse gamma-ray data from 1 TeV to 1 PeV are consistent with cosmic-ray sea models that use CALET, DAMPE, and KASCADE spectra, so no extra emission component is required.

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