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On the Effect of Dropping Layers of Pre-trained Transformer Models

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arxiv 2004.03844 v3 pith:FGGZ66MQ submitted 2020-04-08 cs.CL cs.LG

classification cs.CLcs.LG
keywords modelslayersperformancedownstreamdroppingpre-traineddifferenteffect
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Transformer-based NLP models are trained using hundreds of millions or even billions of parameters, limiting their applicability in computationally constrained environments. While the number of parameters generally correlates with performance, it is not clear whether the entire network is required for a downstream task. Motivated by the recent work on pruning and distilling pre-trained models, we explore strategies to drop layers in pre-trained models, and observe the effect of pruning on downstream GLUE tasks. We were able to prune BERT, RoBERTa and XLNet models up to 40%, while maintaining up to 98% of their original performance. Additionally we show that our pruned models are on par with those built using knowledge distillation, both in terms of size and performance. Our experiments yield interesting observations such as, (i) the lower layers are most critical to maintain downstream task performance, (ii) some tasks such as paraphrase detection and sentence similarity are more robust to the dropping of layers, and (iii) models trained using a different objective function exhibit different learning patterns and w.r.t the layer dropping.

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Forward citations

Cited by 5 Pith papers

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  3. PGB: One-Shot Pruning for BERT via Weight Grouping and Permutation

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    PGB prunes BERT in a single pass by permuting weight matrices into block-diagonal groups of important weights and removing all other weights, matching or beating iterative baselines on GLUE and SQuAD.

  4. PrunePEFT: Iterative Hybrid Pruning for Parameter-Efficient Fine-tuning of LLMs

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  5. On Importance of Layer Pruning for Smaller BERT Models and Low Resource Languages

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    Layer-pruned MahaBERT-v2 and Google-Muril models roughly match full models on Marathi headline and paragraph classification but lose ground on document classification, and they do not always beat same-size scratch-tra...

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