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Probing configuration of $\alpha$ clusters with spectator particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
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abstract
We propose to use spectator particle yield ratios to probe the configuration of $\alpha$ clusters in $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O by their collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. The idea is illustrated based on initial density distributions with various $\alpha$-cluster configurations generated by a microscopic cluster model, and without $\alpha$ clusters from mean-field calculations. The multifragmentation of the spectator matter produces more spectator light nuclei including $\alpha$ clusters in collisions of nuclei with chain structure of $\alpha$ clusters, compared to those of nuclei with a more compact structure. The yield ratio of free spectator neutrons to spectator particles with mass-to-charge ratio $A/Z=2$ scaled by their masses can be practically measured by the zero-degree calorimeter (ZDC) at RHIC and LHC, serving as a clean probe free from modeling the complicated dynamics at midrapidities.
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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Investigating $^{238}$U Deformation via Dilepton Production in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
In a transport-model study of U+U collisions at 193 GeV, dilepton yields normalized by charged multiplicity are shown to scale linearly with the square of the nuclear quadrupole deformation beta_2, with stronger sensi...
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Probing the tetrahedral $\alpha$ clusters in relativistic $^{16}$O + $^{16}$O collisions
In 16O+16O collisions, the normalized flow ratio Norm(v2{2}/v2{4}) is mostly insensitive to tetrahedral deformation while Norm(v2{2}/v3{2}) is sensitive to both deformation and alpha-cluster correlations, but only aft...
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Disentangling effects of nucleon size and nucleus structure in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
In AMPT simulations of 200 GeV Au+Au and O+O collisions, nucleon size smears deformation probes, but scaled v2 and scaled rho2 remain robust for deformation in heavy systems, while delta-pT fluctuation is a cleaner nu...
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Directly probing existence of $\alpha$-cluster structure in $^{20}$Ne by relativistic heavy-ion collisions
In simulations of 20Ne+20Ne collisions, the scaled yield ratio of spectator neutrons to charged spectator nuclei is reduced by 20 to 25 percent when 20Ne has alpha-cluster structure, providing a proposed direct probe.
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A comparison study of collisions at relativistic energies involving light nuclei
The elliptic-to-triangular flow ratio near target rapidity in lead-light nucleus collisions is the most sensitive model-level probe of light-nucleus deformation.
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