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Hexadecapole deformation of $^{238}$U from relativistic heavy-ion collisions using a nonlinear response coefficient

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arxiv 2402.16550 v3 pith:IJPJNNHW submitted 2024-02-26 nucl-th nucl-ex

classification nucl-thnucl-ex
keywords betadeformationhexadecapolerelativisticcollisionsheavy-ionnonlinearnucleus
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

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abstract

The hexadecapole deformation ($\beta_4$) of the $^{238}$U nucleus has not been determined because its effect is overwhelmed by those from the nucleus' large quadrupole deformation ($\beta_2$) in nuclear electric transition measurements. In this Letter, we identify the nonlinear response of the hexadecapole anisotropy to ellipticity in relativistic $^{238}$U+ $^{238}$U collisions that is solely sensitive to $\beta_4$ and insensitive to $\beta_2$. We demonstrate this by state-of-the-art hydrodynamic calculations and discuss the prospects of discovering the $\beta_4$ of $^{238}$U in heavy-ion data at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.

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Cited by 7 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Probing the tetrahedral $\alpha$ clusters in relativistic $^{16}$O + $^{16}$O collisions

    nucl-th 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In 16O+16O collisions, the normalized flow ratio Norm(v2{2}/v2{4}) is mostly insensitive to tetrahedral deformation while Norm(v2{2}/v3{2}) is sensitive to both deformation and alpha-cluster correlations, but only aft...

  2. A "breathing'' octupole $^{208}$Pb nucleus: resolving the elliptical-to-triangular azimuthal anisotropy puzzle in ultracentral relativistic heavy ion collisions

    nucl-th 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A fluctuating octupole deformation of 208Pb with root-mean-square amplitude 0.15 simultaneously matches the v2/v3 ratio and the v3{4} cumulant data in ultracentral Pb+Pb collisions.

  3. Angular structure of many-body correlations in atomic nuclei: From nuclear deformations to diffractive vector meson production in $\gamma A$ collisions

    nucl-th 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Random rotation of an axially deformed intrinsic nuclear state produces a lab-frame two-body correlation proportional to cos(2φ12), which can be probed in diffractive photo-nuclear vector meson production.

  4. Imprints of octupole collectivity in uranium-238 on relativistic heavy-ion flow observables

    nucl-th 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Heavy-ion flow simulations show that an octupole deformation beta3 around 0.1 in 238U reverses the v3 hierarchy in ultra-central U+U vs Au+Au collisions and suppresses the v3-delta-pT correlation, enabling a new probe...

  5. Benchmarking nuclear matrix elements of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay with high-energy nuclear collisions

    nucl-th 2025-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Simulations show that flow observables in ultra-central 150Nd+150Nd collisions have Pearson correlations up to |r|=0.93 with the 0νββ nuclear matrix element, proposing collider data as a benchmark for nuclear theory.

  6. Nonlinear collective flow reveals the breakdown of quadrupole--hexadecapole scaling in heavy ion collisions

    nucl-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    The nonlinear flow coefficient ξ6,222 in simulated U+U collisions separates the four (β2, β4) nuclear topology classes, making the sign of the hexadecapole deformation β4 experimentally accessible.

  7. Scaling approach to rigid and soft nuclear deformation through flow fluctuations in high-energy nuclear collisions

    nucl-th 2025-09 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Triangular flow four-particle cumulants scale linearly with the fourth moment of octupole deformation, allowing the mean and variance of 238U octupole deformation to be extracted separately.

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