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An updated view on the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies

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arxiv 2212.06453 v3 pith:J74D3EPK submitted 2022-12-13 hep-ph hep-ex

classification hep-phhep-ex
keywords anomaliesaxialexperimentalotherstateatomkibosoncouplings
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

In view of the latest experimental results recently released by the ATOMKI collaboration, we critically re-examine the possible theoretical interpretation of the observed anomalies in terms of a new BSM boson $X$ with mass $\sim17\;$MeV. To this end we employ a multipole expansion method and give an estimate for the range of values of the nucleon couplings to the new light state in order to match the experimental observations. Our conclusions identify the axial vector state as the most promising candidate, while other spin/parity assignments seems disfavored for a combined explanation. This results is however based on an order of magnitude estimate for the, currently unknown, axial nuclear matrix element of the $^{12}$C transition, that needs then to be evaluated before being able to draw a definite conclusion. Intriguingly, an axial vector state can also simultaneously accommodate other experimental anomalies, {\emph{i.e.}} the KTeV anomaly in $\pi^0 \to e^+ e^-$ decay while being compatible with the conflicting measurements of the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron $(g-2)_e$ and other constraints on the electron couplings of the $X$ boson. The PADME experiment will completely cover the relevant region of the parameter space, thus allowing for a strong test of the existence of the $X$ particle.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Updated E141 constraints on a long-lived $X_{17}$ vector boson

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A refined simulation of SLAC E141 shows the experiment's old exclusion region does not cover the 16.9 MeV X17, leaving a window at ε_e between 6.5e-5 and 1.1e-4.

  2. Flavor specific chiral $U(1)_X$ framework for explaining the ATOMKI anomaly

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    A gauged, flavor-specific U(1)_X two-Higgs-doublet model can realize the axial-vector Z' couplings needed to explain the ATOMKI 8Be and 4He anomalies while evading current bounds.

  3. The X17 with Chiral Couplings

    hep-ph 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A spin-1 X17 with chiral couplings fits the ATOMKI nuclear anomalies at 99% CL only in a parameter region that atomic parity violation and KLOE-2/NA64 exclude, driven mainly by the 12C(17.23) transition.

  4. Probing the ATOMKI X17 vector boson using Dalitz decays $V\to Pe^+e^-$

    hep-ph 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In a quark-model calculation, X17 contributions to D*, B*, and J/psi Dalitz decays are too small to explain the BESIII D*0 e+e- excess unless quark couplings are far outside ATOMKI-favored ranges.

  5. Potential for the discovery of the protophobic boson at the STCF

    hep-ph 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Detector-level simulations indicate the proposed STCF drift chamber could discover the 17 MeV protophobic X17 boson through displaced electron-positron vertices if Standard Model backgrounds stay below about 10^4 even...

  6. Where to find $X(17)$?

    hep-ph 2026-01 reject novelty 4.0 of 10

    Combining existing bounds with a new parity-violating Møller asymmetry constraint, the paper's body claims no surviving parameter space for scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector, or V±A X(17)-electron couplings.

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