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Baryogenesis from ultralight primordial black holes and strong gravitational waves from cosmic strings
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abstract
Ultralight primordial black holes (PBHs)($\lesssim10^9$g) completely evaporate via Hawking radiation (HR) and produce all the particles in a given theory regardless of their other interactions. If the right handed (RH) neutrinos are produced from PBH evaporation, successful baryogenesis via leptogenesis predicts mass scale of RH neutrinos as well as black holes. We show that, given the lepton number violation (generation of RH neutrino masses) in the theory is a consequence of a gauged $U(1)$ breaking which is then followed by the formation of PBHs, a network of cosmic strings naturally gives rise to strong stochastic gravitational wave (GW) signal at the sensitivity level of pulsar timing arrays (PTA) and LIGO5. Besides, due to a transient period of black hole domination in the early universe, for which baryon asymmetry is independent of initial PBH density, a break in the GW spectra occurs around MHz frequency. Therefore, to observe the break along with the usual GW signal by the emission of gravitons via HR, GW detectors at higher frequencies are called for. The recent finding by the NANOGrav PTA of a stochastic common spectrum process (interpreted as GWs) across many pulsars is in tension with PBH baryogenesis for large cosmic string loops ($\alpha\simeq 0.1$).
Forward citations
Cited by 5 Pith papers
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Baryogenesis via Asymmetric Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes
Evaporating primordial black holes, biased by a new gravitational interaction, can reproduce the observed baryon asymmetry once entropy dilution and chemical-potential-dependent emission are included.
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Page Time of Primordial Black Holes in the Standard Model and Beyond
For Standard Model emission, a Schwarzschild primordial black hole of about 6.23 x 10^14 grams would reach its Page time at the current age of the Universe.
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Impact of memory-burdened black holes on primordial gravitational waves in light of Pulsar Timing Array
Memory-burdened primordial black holes can explain pulsar timing array data as diluted blue-tilted gravitational waves and leave a testable high-frequency signal.
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The Magnetic Origin of Primordial Black Holes: A Viable Dark Matter Scenario
Primordial black holes formed from magnetically induced density fluctuations could explain all dark matter, but only in a finely tuned parameter window.
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Asymmetries from a charged memory-burdened PBH
A parameter-space scan shows that very large curvature-current couplings can fit the baryon asymmetry and dark matter abundance, while the electric charge of the black hole plays no role in the mechanism.
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