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Black Holes with Multiple Photon Spheres
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Black Holes with Multiple Photon Spheres
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Recently, asymptotically-flat black holes with multiple photon spheres have been discovered and found to produce distinctive observational signatures. In this paper, we focus on whether these black hole solutions are physically viable, e.g., satisfying energy conditions of interest. Intriguingly, black hole and naked singularity solutions with two photon spheres and one anti-photon sphere are shown to exist in physically reasonable models, which satisfy the null, weak, dominant and strong energy conditions. Our findings reveal that black holes with multiple photon spheres may not be frequent, but they are not exotic.
Forward citations
Cited by 6 Pith papers
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Bounds on the radius of outermost photon sphere and black hole shadow in $n$-dimensional Einstein gravity
Proves model-independent lower bound r_sh ≥ ((n-1)/2)^{1/(n-3)} sqrt((n-1)/(n-3)) r_H under WEC and upper bound r_sh ≤ sqrt((n-1)/(n-3)) [(n-1)M]^{1/(n-3)} under WEC+SEC+decay for nD black holes.
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Topological charge and black hole photon spheres in massive gravity
In dRGT massive gravity, static spherically symmetric black holes exhibit zero, one, or two photon spheres whose topological charges and stability patterns differ from Einstein gravity and from horizonless compact objects.
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Static spheres in black hole spacetimes: pairing, energy conditions, and an upper bound on the innermost radius
Static spheres around black holes come in unstable/stable pairs, need negative radial pressure, and their innermost radius obeys a new upper bound tied to strong-energy-condition violation.
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Bounds on the radius of outermost photon sphere and black hole shadow in $n$-dimensional Einstein gravity
For n-dimensional Einstein-gravity black holes with matter satisfying the weak and strong energy conditions, the shadow radius is bounded below by a function of the horizon radius and above by a function of the ADM ma...
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Energy conditions in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes and effective geometries
A logarithmic correction to Schwarzschild in static spherical symmetry obeys all classical energy conditions and serves as an effective exterior for horizon-bearing and horizonless compact objects.
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Energy conditions in static, spherically symmetric spacetimes and effective geometries
A constructive algorithm yields NEC-obeying static spherical metrics with g_tt g_rr = -1, including a log-corrected Schwarzschild geometry that can mimic black holes.
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