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Enhanced Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Oscillons

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arxiv 2204.07152 v2 pith:L5DT4FPO submitted 2022-04-14 astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th

classification astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEhep-phhep-th
keywords inflationaryoscillon-inducedclassescosmicdemonstratefollowedgravitationalinflaton
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In broad classes of inflationary models the period of accelerated expansion is followed by fragmentation of the inflaton scalar field into localized, long-lived and massive oscillon excitations. We demonstrate that matter-dominance of oscillons, followed by their rapid decay, significantly enhances the primordial gravitational wave (GW) spectrum. These oscillon-induced GWs, sourced by second-order perturbations, are distinct and could be orders of magnitude lower in frequency than the previously considered GWs associated with oscillon formation. We show that detectable oscillon-induced GW signatures establish direct tests independent from cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) for regions of parameter space of monodromy, logarithmic and pure natural (plateau) potential classes of inflationary models, among others. We demonstrate that oscillon-induced GWs in a model based on pure natural inflation could be directly observable with the Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer and DECIGO. These signatures offer a new route for probing the underlying inflationary physics.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Soft Oscillons

    hep-th 2025-05 conditional novelty 8.0 of 10

    Scalar fields with plateau potentials support soft oscillons: localized, long-lived oscillations with arbitrarily large radius, frequency set by the radius, and evaporation power scaling linearly or quadratically with radius.

  2. Constraining the inflaton potential with gravitational waves from oscillons

    astro-ph.CO 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The rapid decay of an oscillon-dominated post-inflation phase produces induced gravitational waves strong enough that the BBN/CMB bound on relativistic species excludes significant regions of inflaton mass–coupling pa...

  3. Ephemeral Oscillons in Scalar-Tensor Theories: The Higgs-like case

    hep-ph 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In a Higgs-like Einstein-Cartan inflation model, oscillons formed after inflation are short-lived and their decay drives radiation domination within about four e-folds.

  4. Inflaton Self Resonance, Oscillons, and Gravitational Waves in Small Field Polynomial Inflation

    astro-ph.CO 2025-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    For sufficiently small phi0 (below about 0.02 mPl), the inflaton condensate in this polynomial model fragments into long-lived oscillons, producing MHz-GHz gravitational waves and possibly seeding light primordial bla...

  5. Alternative LISA-TAIJI networks: Detectability of the Parity Violation in Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background

    gr-qc 2024-12 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    The LISA-TAIJIm configuration, with TAIJI's constellation inclined opposite to LISA's, is about an order of magnitude more sensitive to a circularly polarized stochastic gravitational wave background at low frequencie...

  6. Enhancement of small-scale induced gravitational waves from the soliton/oscillon domination

    astro-ph.CO 2024-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Soliton or oscillon domination generates detectable induced gravitational waves, with spectra that constrain the lumps' lifetime, abundance, and separation.

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