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The hydrodynamics of inverse phase transitions

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arxiv 2406.01596 v2 pith:LATB7YA3 submitted 2024-06-03 hep-ph astro-ph.COhep-th

classification hep-phastro-ph.COhep-th
keywords phaseinversetransitionsvacuumenergytransitionbubbleconnects
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First order phase transitions are violent phenomena that occur when the state of the universe evolves abruptly from one vacuum to another. A \emph{direct} phase transition connects a local vacuum to a deeper vacuum of the zero--temperature potential, and the energy difference between the two minima manifests itself in the acceleration of the bubble wall. In this sense, the transition is triggered by the release of vacuum energy. On the other hand, an \emph{inverse} phase transition connects a deeper minimum of the zero--temperature potential to a higher one, and the bubble actually expands against the vacuum energy. The transition is then triggered purely by thermal corrections. We study for the first time the hydrodynamics and the energy budget of inverse phase transitions. We find several modes of expansion for inverse bubbles, which are related to the known ones for direct transitions by a mirror symmetry. We finally investigate the friction exerted on the bubble wall and comment on the possibility of runaway walls in inverse phase transitions.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Non-conformal obstructions to bubble expansion

    hep-th 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Non-conformal equations of state introduce wall and flow obstructions that delete entire classes of bubble solutions and create 'shocked detonations', shrinking the allowed wall-velocity space and suppressing gravitat...

  2. Bubble dynamics in a QCD-like phase diagram

    hep-th 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Holographic simulations show supercooled bubble walls in a QCD-like fluid reach at most about 0.13 times light speed, while superheated walls reach only about 0.03.

  3. Imprints of Early Universe Cosmology on Gravitational Waves

    hep-ph 2024-11 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Energy injection into a hidden sector can produce three phase transitions and a three-peak gravitational wave spectrum with a distinctive peak-frequency hierarchy detectable by future space-based observatories.

  4. Populating dark sectors with relativistic bubble walls

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 3.0 of 10

    Relativistic bubble walls can pair-produce dark matter much heavier than the phase transition scale, which then free-streams as warm dark matter.

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