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Symmetry, microscopy and spectroscopy signatures of altermagnetism

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arxiv 2506.22860 v1 pith:LXR24HLC submitted 2025-06-28 cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Symmetry, microscopy and spectroscopy signatures of altermagnetism

classification cond-mat.mtrl-sci
keywords altermagnetismcompensatedorderingsignaturesaltermagneticmicroscopyphaseresearch
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Altermagnetism is a collinear compensated magnetically-ordered phase with a d, g or i-wave anisotropy and alternating spin polarization of the electronic structure in the position and momentum space. Its recent discovery was in part motivated by the research of compensated magnets towards highly scalable spintronic technologies. Simultaneously, altermagnetism shares the anisotropic higher-partial-wave nature of ordering with unconventional superfluid phases which have been at the forefront of research for the past several decades. These examples illustrate the interest in altermagnetism from a broad range of science and technology perspectives. After summarizing the diverse research context, we turn the focus of this review to the symmetry, microscopy and spectroscopy signatures of altermagnetism. We start from the description of spontaneously broken and retained symmetries which delineate the compensated altermagnetic ordering as a distinct magnetic phase. Next we focus on microscopic signatures and ordering mechanism of the altermagnetic phase. We highlight crystal-structure realizations of a characteristic ferroic order of anisotropic higher-partial-wave components of atomic-scale spin densities in altermagnets, ranging from weakly-interacting metals to strongly correlated insulators. The symmetry and microscopy signatures of altermagnetism are directly reflected in spin-dependent electronic spectra and responses. We review salient band-structure features originating from the altermagnetic ordering, and from its interplay with spin-orbit coupling and topological phenomena. Throughout the review we compare altermagnetism to traditional ferromagnetism and Neel antiferromagntism, and to the currently intensely explored magnetic phases with non-collinear symmetry-protected compensated spin orders. We accompany the theoretical discussions by references to relevant experiments.

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Cited by 8 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Nanoscale Imaging of Strain-Controlled Altermagnetic Domains in {\alpha}-MnTe

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0

    In alpha-MnTe, compression makes magnetic domains grow by merging, and unloading leaves them fragmented in a different, metastable pattern, so the material remembers the strain history.

  2. Finite temperature pair density wave superconductivity in $d$-wave altermagnets

    cond-mat.supr-con 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    D-wave altermagnets host a robust finite-temperature pair-density-wave superconducting phase driven by momentum-dependent spin splitting.

  3. Odd-Parity Altermagnetism Originated from Orbital Orders

    cond-mat.mes-hall 2025-08 conditional novelty 7.0

    A symmetry-based stacking strategy with layer-flip realizes odd-parity altermagnetism from nonrelativistic orbital orders, hosting quantum spin Hall phases with helical edge states.

  4. $P$-wave Orbital Magnetism

    cond-mat.mes-hall 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    P-wave orbital magnetism protected by combined translation and time-reversal symmetry is proposed to originate from loop-current-induced orbital textures in a 2D Dirac lattice model, measurable via orbital Hall conductivity.

  5. Impact of strong electronic correlations on altermagnets: the case of NiS2

    cond-mat.str-el 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0

    In the metallic altermagnet NiS2, dynamic correlations renormalize the altermagnetic spin splitting in a band- and energy-dependent way and give spin-up and spin-down quasiparticles markedly different lifetimes.

  6. Orbital altermagnetism on the kagome lattice and possible application to $A$V$_3$Sb$_5$

    cond-mat.str-el 2025-09 conditional novelty 6.0

    On an odd-sublattice kagome lattice, non-uniform collinear orbital moments from CDW/loop-current order can form a d-wave altermagnet with spin-split bands, as possibly realized in AV3Sb5.

  7. Reevaluating Quantum Geometric Criteria for Itinerant Magnetic Instabilities

    cond-mat.str-el 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Magnetic instabilities in generic two-orbital systems are governed by the full interplay of the bare susceptibility tensor and spin interaction matrix, not solely by the quantum geometry of a single-channel susceptibility.

  8. Altermagnetism and Superconductivity: A Short Historical Review

    cond-mat.supr-con 2025-10 conditional novelty 4.0

    A historical review unifies electronic liquid-crystal phases, multipole expansions, and altermagnetism under nonrelativistic spin-momentum locking, and surveys the resulting unconventional superconductivity.