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Exponential improvements in the simulation of lattice gauge theories using near-optimal techniques

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arxiv 2405.10416 v2 pith:N5HPBJ2Q submitted 2024-05-16 quant-ph hep-lat

classification quant-phhep-lat
keywords gaugesimulationlatticetheoriesconstructionscountsexplicitexponential
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We report a first-of-its-kind analysis on post-Trotter simulation of U(1), SU(2) and SU(3) lattice gauge theories including fermions in arbitrary spatial dimension. We provide explicit circuit constructions as well as T-gate counts and logical qubit counts for Hamiltonian simulation. We find up to 25 orders of magnitude reduction in space-time volume over Trotter methods for simulations of non-Abelian lattice gauge theories relevant to the standard model. This improvement results from our algorithm having polynomial scaling with the number of colors in the gauge theory, achieved by utilizing oracle constructions relying on the sparsity of physical operators, in contrast to the exponential scaling seen in state-of-the-art Trotter methods which employ explicit mappings onto Pauli operators. Our work demonstrates that the use of advanced algorithmic techniques leads to dramatic reductions in the cost of simulating fundamental interactions, bringing it in step with resources required for first principles quantum simulation of chemistry.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

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  3. Eigenstate Thermalization in 1+1-Dimensional SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory Coupled with Dynamical Fermions

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  4. Quantum computation of hadron scattering in a lattice gauge theory

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