pith. sign in

arxiv: 2606.30799 · v1 · pith:N7BAM5EYnew · submitted 2026-06-29 · 🌌 astro-ph.EP

The GAPS programme at TNG ?. TOI-1533: a compact system hosting a super-Neptune-mass pair with disparate radii

G. Mantovan , V. Nascimbeni , S. Desidera , L. Malavolta , J. J. Lissauer , P. Leonardi , T. Azevedo Silva , C. Guerra
show 44 more authors
D. Polychroni L. Borsato M. Baratella K. Biazzo D. Nardiello K. A. Collins M. Damasso J. De Leon M. E. Everett D. Gandolfi S. Giacalone L. Naponiello G. Piotto G. Scandariato K. Stassun S.W. Yee L. Affer F. Amadori A. Bignamini S. Colombo M. D'Arpa C. D. Dressing A. Fukui A. Ghedina J. Higuera K. Ikuta Kawauchi J. Korth V. Lorenzi L. Mancini M. Mori F. Murgas N. Narita E. Palle H. Parviainen A. Ruggieri A. Savel R. P. Schwarz A. Shporer G. Srdoc Stockdale D. Watanabe R. Zambelli T. Zingales
This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-07-01 01:32 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 🌌 astro-ph.EP
keywords exoplanetshot Jupitersplanetary systemsradial velocitiestransit photometryGaussian processesTOI-1533K dwarf
0
0 comments X

The pith

TOI-1533 hosts an inner sub-Neptune and outer super-Neptune with mass ratio near 0.8.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper reports the discovery and characterization of the TOI-1533 system, which contains an inner sub-Neptune (period 3.63 days, radius 3.15 Earth radii) and an outer hot giant planet (period 8.06 days, radius above 7.5 Earth radii) both transiting an active K-dwarf star. Joint modeling of HARPS-N radial velocities and TESS transits employs multi-dimensional Gaussian processes to separate stellar activity from the planetary signals, yielding detections at roughly 10 sigma. The derived masses give a ratio of about 0.8 with the outer planet at approximately 40 Earth masses and low density below 0.48 g cm^{-3}. This architecture stands out among the few known hot Jupiters that have low-mass inner companions and points to a gentle disc-migration history.

Core claim

TOI-1533 b and c form a compact pair where the inner sub-Neptune and outer super-Neptune have a mass ratio M_b/M_c of about 0.8, with the outer companion at super-Neptune mass of roughly 40 Earth masses; both planets transit and their Keplerian signals are isolated from stellar activity through multi-dimensional Gaussian process modeling of radial velocities, activity indicators, and simultaneous photometry.

What carries the argument

Multi-dimensional Gaussian process formalism that combines radial velocity data, spectroscopic activity indicators, and simultaneous photometry to separate stellar activity modulation from the two planetary Keplerian signals.

If this is right

  • The system architecture supports a gentle disc-migration mechanism for hot Jupiters rather than high-eccentricity scattering.
  • The low density of the outer planet indicates retention of a substantial H/He envelope.
  • This adds a new example to the rare population of hot Jupiters that host low-mass inner companions.
  • Refined mass and radius measurements can better constrain the interior structure and formation conditions of both planets.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • Comparison of this pair with other compact systems could test whether the similar masses but different radii arise from different accretion histories at their formation locations.
  • Long-term radial velocity monitoring might reveal additional planets or measure any tidal evolution between the two bodies.
  • The near-unity mass ratio may constrain models of how multiple planets can migrate together without strong scattering.

Load-bearing premise

The periodic signals detected at high significance in the radial velocity and transit data after Gaussian process modeling are produced by orbiting planets rather than by residual stellar activity or noise.

What would settle it

A longer series of radial velocity observations that fails to recover two periodic signals at periods of 3.63 days and 8.06 days with amplitudes matching the reported masses would show the signals are not planetary.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.30799 by A. Bignamini, A. Fukui, A. Ghedina, A. Ruggieri, A. Savel, A. Shporer, C. D. Dressing, C. Guerra, D. Gandolfi, D. Nardiello, D. Polychroni, D. Watanabe, E. Palle, F. Amadori, F. Murgas, G. Mantovan, G. Piotto, G. Scandariato, G. Srdoc, H. Parviainen, J. de Leon, J. Higuera, J. J. Lissauer, J. Korth, K. A. Collins, Kawauchi, K. Biazzo, K. Ikuta, K. Stassun, L. Affer, L. Borsato, L. Malavolta, L. Mancini, L. Naponiello, M. Baratella, M. Damasso, M. D'Arpa, M. E. Everett, M. Mori, N. Narita, P. Leonardi, R. P. Schwarz, R. Zambelli, S. Colombo, S. Desidera, S. Giacalone, Stockdale, S.W. Yee, T. Azevedo Silva, T. Zingales, V. Lorenzi, V. Nascimbeni.

Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: Same as Figure 1 but for planet c. The MuSCAT2 [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: Phase-folded RV curves of TOI-1533 b and c. The shaded [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Multi-dimensional GP model of stellar activity in the RV, [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p007_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Mass–radius diagram of all confirmed small planets [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_5.png] view at source ↗
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: Architecture of multi-planet systems hosting an [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p008_6.png] view at source ↗
Figure 9
Figure 9. Figure 9: Tidal diagram of intermediate-mass planets in single [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_9.png] view at source ↗
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: Orbital period P1 as a function of the period ratio P = P2/P1 for all planets interior to close-in intermediate-mass plan￾ets (15M⊕ < Mp < 120M⊕, Rp > 4R⊕). The age of the system is colour-coded, and the dot size tracks the radius of the planet it represents. Horizontal lines represent some low-order mean￾motion resonances, and the blue area highlights planets with or￾bits shorter than two days. Goyal & Wa… view at source ↗
Figure 10
Figure 10. Figure 10: Posterior-based mass–period detection map for a hy [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p010_10.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

The present-day architecture of planetary systems contains information about their formation and migration histories. The origin of hot Jupiters (HJs, P $\lesssim$ 10 d, $R_{\rm p} > 8 R_\oplus$) has long been a matter of debate. While most of them are found to be ``lonely'', there is a rare population of HJs hosting small companions on inner orbits (eight known as of May 2026). Their peculiar architecture suggests a gentle disc-migration mechanism. In this study, we present the discovery and characterisation of the multi-planet system TOI-1533, comprising an inner sub-Neptune (TOI-1533 b, $P_{\rm orb} = 3.63$ d, $R_{\rm p} = 3.15 R_\oplus$) and an outer hot giant planet (TOI-1533 c, $P_{\rm orb} = 8.06$ d, $R_{\rm p} > 7.5 R_\oplus$) with substantial H/He by mass ($\rho_{\rm p} < 0.48$ g cm$^{-3}$), both transiting an active K-dwarf star ($T_{\rm eff} \approx$ 5130 K; $V$ (mag) $\approx$ 11). Our joint modelling of stellar activity and planetary signals from radial velocities (HARPS-N) and transits (TESS) allows us to detect their Keplerian signals (approximately $10~\sigma$) and to isolate the stellar modulation. The inclusion of simultaneous photometry in the multi-dimensional Gaussian processes formalism was a fundamental addition to the spectroscopic activity indicators, enabling the disentanglement of stellar activity from planetary signals. The mass ratio of the two confirmed planets ($M_{\rm b} / M_{\rm c}$ about 0.8), together with the super-Neptune mass of the large outer companion ($M_{\rm c} \approx 40 M_\oplus$), makes this system unusual compared to the other few HJs with low-mass inner companions.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 2 minor

Summary. The paper reports the discovery and characterization of the compact multi-planet system TOI-1533 around an active K-dwarf, consisting of an inner transiting sub-Neptune (planet b: P=3.63 d, R=3.15 R_⊕) and an outer transiting hot giant (planet c: P=8.06 d, R>7.5 R_⊕, M_c≈40 M_⊕, ρ_c<0.48 g cm^{-3}). Joint modeling of TESS photometry and HARPS-N RVs employs multi-dimensional Gaussian processes to separate stellar activity from the planetary Keplerian signals, yielding ~10σ detections; the resulting mass ratio M_b/M_c≈0.8 is presented as making the architecture unusual relative to the small sample of hot Jupiters with inner low-mass companions.

Significance. If the planetary signals are robustly isolated from activity, the system adds a well-characterized example to the rare population of hot Jupiters with inner sub-Neptune companions, providing constraints on gentle disc-migration scenarios. The use of simultaneous photometry within the multi-dimensional GP framework is noted as enabling the activity removal, and the disparate radii at comparable masses offer a testbed for interior structure models of super-Neptunes.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract: the claim of ~10σ Keplerian detections after joint RV+transit modeling with multi-dimensional GP is presented without reported mass uncertainties, without specification of the GP kernel forms or hyperparameters, and without any discussion of activity aliases or residual-signal tests. These omissions directly affect assessment of whether the signals are planetary rather than residual activity.
  2. [RV and activity modeling (inferred from abstract description)] The central confirmation of both planets rests on the multi-dimensional GP disentanglement step that incorporates simultaneous photometry alongside spectroscopic indicators; the manuscript provides no validation details (e.g., kernel selection criteria, cross-validation, or injection-recovery tests) for this step, which is load-bearing for the reported masses and the architectural comparison.
minor comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] The density upper limit ρ_p < 0.48 g cm^{-3} for planet c is stated without the explicit mass and radius values (with uncertainties) used to compute it.
  2. No statement is made regarding public release of the RV time series, transit photometry, or analysis code, which would support reproducibility of the GP modeling.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the constructive and detailed report. The two major comments correctly identify areas where the abstract and modeling sections would benefit from greater technical specificity. We address each point below and will revise the manuscript to incorporate the requested details.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: the claim of ~10σ Keplerian detections after joint RV+transit modeling with multi-dimensional GP is presented without reported mass uncertainties, without specification of the GP kernel forms or hyperparameters, and without any discussion of activity aliases or residual-signal tests. These omissions directly affect assessment of whether the signals are planetary rather than residual activity.

    Authors: We agree that the abstract, as a concise summary, omitted key quantitative and methodological details. In the revised version we will update the abstract to report the planetary masses and uncertainties (M_b and M_c with 1σ errors), specify the multi-dimensional GP kernel (quasi-periodic plus white-noise terms) and representative hyperparameters, and explicitly note that activity-alias checks and residual-signal tests are presented in Section 4. The ~10σ significance is obtained from the marginal posterior distributions of the Keplerian amplitudes after the joint fit; we will make this explicit. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [RV and activity modeling (inferred from abstract description)] The central confirmation of both planets rests on the multi-dimensional GP disentanglement step that incorporates simultaneous photometry alongside spectroscopic indicators; the manuscript provides no validation details (e.g., kernel selection criteria, cross-validation, or injection-recovery tests) for this step, which is load-bearing for the reported masses and the architectural comparison.

    Authors: The referee is correct that the current text does not provide a dedicated validation subsection for the multi-dimensional GP step. While Section 3 describes the framework and the role of simultaneous photometry, we will add in revision an explicit paragraph on model validation: kernel selection via BIC comparison among several kernels, leave-one-out cross-validation results on the activity indicators, and injection-recovery tests that recover the planetary signals at the reported significances while suppressing activity aliases. These additions will directly support the robustness of the masses and the architectural discussion. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity; observational fit to new data

full rationale

The paper reports an observational discovery and parameter estimation for TOI-1533 b and c. Planetary masses and radii are obtained by fitting Keplerian signals to new HARPS-N RV and TESS transit data after multi-dimensional GP modeling of stellar activity; the ~10σ detections and derived M_b/M_c ratio follow directly from those fits and are compared to external literature systems. No load-bearing step reduces by the paper's own equations or self-citations to a tautological input. The architecture claim is a post-fit comparison, not a derivation that loops back on itself.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

2 free parameters · 2 axioms · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on standard exoplanet modeling assumptions (Keplerian orbits, limb-darkening laws, Gaussian-process kernels for activity) plus the specific choice to include simultaneous photometry in the multi-dimensional GP. No new entities are postulated. Free parameters are the usual orbital elements, masses, radii, and activity hyperparameters fitted to the data.

free parameters (2)
  • planet masses and radii
    Fitted from RV semi-amplitudes and transit depths; central to the mass-ratio claim.
  • GP hyperparameters for stellar activity
    Chosen to isolate the planetary signals; directly affects the ~10σ detection significance.
axioms (2)
  • domain assumption Radial-velocity variations after GP subtraction are purely Keplerian.
    Invoked when claiming 10σ planetary detections from the joint fit.
  • domain assumption Transit signals are planetary and not false positives from background eclipsing binaries.
    Standard for TESS candidates but required for the architecture claim.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.1-grok · 6206 in / 1640 out tokens · 41550 ms · 2026-07-01T01:32:40.799888+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

300 extracted references · 192 canonical work pages · 83 internal anchors

  1. [1]

    , keywords =

    Quenching of Carbon Monoxide and Methane in the Atmospheres of Cool Brown Dwarfs and Hot Jupiters. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/738/1/72 , archivePrefix =. 1106.3525 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/738/1/72

  2. [2]

    The effects of snowlines on C/O in planetary atmospheres

    The Effects of Snowlines on C/O in Planetary Atmospheres. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/743/1/L16 , archivePrefix =. 1110.5567 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/2041-8205/743/1/l16 2041

  3. [3]

    , keywords =

    Beyond Equilibrium Temperature: How the Atmosphere/Interior Connection Affects the Onset of Methane, Ammonia, and Clouds in Warm Transiting Giant Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abc5bd , archivePrefix =. 2010.00146 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abc5bd 2010

  4. [4]

    , keywords =

    Chemical Diversity in Protoplanetary Disks and Its Impact on the Formation History of Giant Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b11 , archivePrefix =. 2206.14685 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b11

  5. [5]

    , keywords =

    Breaking Degeneracies in Formation Histories by Measuring Refractory Content in Gas Giants. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aca614 , archivePrefix =. 2211.09080 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aca614

  6. [6]

    , keywords =

    Water Enrichment from Pebble Drift in Disks with Gap-forming Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad891d , archivePrefix =. 2412.04681 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad891d

  7. [7]

    On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres

    On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913396 , archivePrefix =. 1006.4702 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913396

  8. [8]

    petitRADTRANS: a Python radiative transfer package for exoplanet characterization and retrieval

    petitRADTRANS. A Python radiative transfer package for exoplanet characterization and retrieval. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935470 , archivePrefix =. 1904.11504 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935470 1904

  9. [9]

    , keywords =

    The NASA Exoplanet Archive and Exoplanet Follow-up Observing Program: Data, Tools, and Usage. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ade3c2 , archivePrefix =. 2506.03299 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/psj/ade3c2

  10. [10]

    , keywords =

    Validation of TESS exoplanet candidates orbiting solar analogues in the all-sky PLATO input catalogue. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2451 , archivePrefix =. 2208.12276 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2451

  11. [11]

    , year = 1995, month = nov, volume =

    A Jupiter-mass companion to a solar-type star. , year = 1995, month = nov, volume =. doi:10.1038/378355a0 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1038/378355a0 1995

  12. [12]

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , year = 2015, month = jan, volume =

    Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , year = 2015, month = jan, volume =. doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.1.1.014003 , adsurl =

    work page internal anchor Pith review doi:10.1117/1.jatis.1.1.014003 2015

  13. [13]

    Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy IV , year = 2016, editor =

    The TESS science processing operations center. Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy IV , year = 2016, editor =. doi:10.1117/12.2233418 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1117/12.2233418 2016

  14. [14]

    , keywords =

    The TESS Objects of Interest Catalog from the TESS Prime Mission. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abefe1 , archivePrefix =. 2103.12538 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abefe1

  15. [15]

    , keywords =

    Photometry of 10 Million Stars from the First Two Years of TESS Full Frame Images: Part I. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/abca2e , archivePrefix =. 2011.06459 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/2515-5172/abca2e 2011

  16. [16]

    Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets) , keywords =

    Hot Jupiters: Origins, Structure, Atmospheres. Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets) , keywords =. doi:10.1029/2020JE006629 , archivePrefix =. 2102.05064 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1029/2020je006629

  17. [17]

    Giant Planets at Small Orbital Distances

    Giant Planets at Small Orbital Distances. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/309935 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9511109 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/309935

  18. [18]

    Bayesian Analysis of Hot Jupiter Radius Anomalies: Evidence for Ohmic Dissipation?

    Bayesian Analysis of Hot-Jupiter Radius Anomalies: Evidence for Ohmic Dissipation?. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaba13 , archivePrefix =. 1709.04539 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaba13

  19. [19]

    The Mass-Metallicity Relation for Giant Planets

    The Mass-Metallicity Relation for Giant Planets. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/1/64 , archivePrefix =. 1511.07854 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/0004-637x/831/1/64

  20. [20]

    Planetary Radii across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar Insolation: Application to Transits

    Planetary Radii across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar Insolation: Application to Transits. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/512120 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0612671 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/512120

  21. [21]

    Grain opacity and the bulk composition of extrasolar planets. I. Results from scaling the ISM opacity. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321479 , archivePrefix =. 1403.5272 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321479

  22. [22]

    Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences , keywords =

    Warm giant exoplanet characterisation: current state, challenges and outlook. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences , keywords =. doi:10.3389/fspas.2023.1179000 , archivePrefix =. 2304.12782 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3389/fspas.2023.1179000 2023

  23. [23]

    , keywords =

    Analysis of the planetary mass uncertainties on the accuracy of atmospherical retrieval. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244881 , archivePrefix =. 2211.02897 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244881

  24. [24]

    , keywords =

    Quick-look Pipeline Lightcurves for 9.1 Million Stars Observed over the First Year of the TESS Extended Mission. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac2ef0 , archivePrefix =. 2110.05542 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.3847/2515-5172/ac2ef0

  25. [25]

    , keywords =

    TESS Science Processing Operations Center FFI Target List Products. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/abc9b3 , archivePrefix =. 2011.05495 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.3847/2515-5172/abc9b3 2011

  26. [26]

    , keywords =

    Kepler Presearch Data Conditioning II - A Bayesian Approach to Systematic Error Correction. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/667697 , archivePrefix =. 1203.1383 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/667697

  27. [27]

    , keywords =

    Kepler Presearch Data Conditioning I Architecture and Algorithms for Error Correction in Kepler Light Curves. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/667698 , archivePrefix =. 1203.1382 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/667698

  28. [28]

    , year = 2014, month = jan, volume =

    Multiscale Systematic Error Correction via Wavelet-Based Bandsplitting in Kepler Data. , year = 2014, month = jan, volume =. doi:10.1086/674989 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1086/674989 2014

  29. [29]

    Kepler Data Validation I -- Architecture, Diagnostic Tests, and Data Products for Vetting Transiting Planet Candidates

    Kepler Data Validation I Architecture, Diagnostic Tests, and Data Products for Vetting Transiting Planet Candidates. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aab694 , archivePrefix =. 1803.04526 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aab694

  30. [30]

    American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#233 , year = 2019, series =

    TESS Follow-up Observing Program Working Group (TFOP WG) Sub Group 1 (SG1): Ground-based Time-series Photometry. American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#233 , year = 2019, series =

    2019

  31. [31]

    Tapir: A web interface for transit/eclipse observability

  32. [32]

    Summary of the content and survey properties

    Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 , archivePrefix =. 2208.00211 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940

  33. [33]

    Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network

    Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/673168 , archivePrefix =. 1305.2437 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/673168

  34. [34]

    Real-time processing of the imaging data from the network of Las Cumbres Observatory Telescopes using BANZAI

    Real-time processing of the imaging data from the network of Las Cumbres Observatory Telescopes using BANZAI. Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy V , year = 2018, editor =. doi:10.1117/12.2314340 , archivePrefix =. 1811.04163 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1117/12.2314340 2018

  35. [35]

    European Physical Journal Web of Conferences , year = 2011, series =

    TRAPPIST: a robotic telescope dedicated to the study of planetary systems. European Physical Journal Web of Conferences , year = 2011, series =. doi:10.1051/epjconf/20101106002 , archivePrefix =. 1101.5807 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/epjconf/20101106002 2011

  36. [36]

    The Messenger , year = 2011, month = sep, volume =

    TRAPPIST: TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope. The Messenger , year = 2011, month = sep, volume =

    2011

  37. [37]

    , year = 2021, series =

    Observatorio El Sauce: Hosting Robotic Science in Chile. , year = 2021, series =. doi:10.22201/ia.14052059p.2021.53.12 , adsurl =

    doi:10.22201/ia.14052059p.2021.53.12 2021

  38. [38]

    The Messenger , year = 2003, month = dec, volume =

    Setting New Standards with HARPS. The Messenger , year = 2003, month = dec, volume =

    2003

  39. [39]

    Chasing exoplanets with the La Silla 3.6-m telescope

    HARPS: ESO's coming planet searcher. Chasing exoplanets with the La Silla 3.6-m telescope. The Messenger , keywords =

  40. [40]

    The Journal of Open Source Software , keywords =

    ACTIN: A tool to calculate stellar activity indices. The Journal of Open Source Software , keywords =. doi:10.21105/joss.00667 , archivePrefix =. 1811.11172 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.21105/joss.00667

  41. [41]

    Stellar chromospheric activity of 1674 FGK stars from the AMBRE-HARPS sample. I. A catalogue of homogeneous chromospheric activity. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039765 , archivePrefix =. 2012.10199 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039765 2012

  42. [42]

    Three years of Sun-as-a-star radial-velocity observations on the approach to solar minimum

    Three years of Sun-as-a-star radial-velocity observations on the approach to solar minimum. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1215 , archivePrefix =. 1904.12186 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1215 1904

  43. [43]

    Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main Sequence Stars

    Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-main-sequence Stars. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/208/1/9 , archivePrefix =. 1307.2657 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0067-0049/208/1/9

  44. [44]

    On the Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters in Different Stellar Environments

    On the Occurrence Rate of Hot Jupiters in Different Stellar Environments. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/799/2/229 , archivePrefix =. 1412.1731 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/799/2/229

  45. [45]

    A Framework for Prioritizing the TESS Planetary Candidates Most Amenable to Atmospheric Characterization

    A Framework for Prioritizing the TESS Planetary Candidates Most Amenable to Atmospheric Characterization. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aadf6f , archivePrefix =. 1805.03671 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aadf6f

  46. [46]

    An Efficient Automated Validation Procedure for Exoplanet Transit Candidates

    An Efficient Automated Validation Procedure for Exoplanet Transit Candidates. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/6 , archivePrefix =. 1206.1568 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/761/1/6

  47. [47]

    , keywords =

    A search for transiting planets around FGKM dwarfs and subgiants in the TESS full frame images of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2438 , archivePrefix =. 2008.09832 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2438 2008

  48. [48]

    Search for exoplanets in open clusters of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere and their frequency

    A PSF-based Approach to TESS High quality data Of Stellar clusters (PATHOS) - II. Search for exoplanets in open clusters of the Southern ecliptic hemisphere and their frequency. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1465 , archivePrefix =. 2005.12281 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1465 2005

  49. [49]

    The GAPS Programme at TNG. XXXV. Fundamental properties of transiting exoplanet host stars. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243467 , archivePrefix =. 2205.15796 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243467

  50. [50]

    The GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG. X. Differential abundances in the XO-2 planet-hosting binary. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526375 , archivePrefix =. 1506.01614 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526375

  51. [51]

    , year = 1973, month = sep, volume =

    The nitrogen abundance of the very metal-poor star HD 122563. , year = 1973, month = sep, volume =. doi:10.1086/152374 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1086/152374 1973

  52. [52]

    Modelling of Stellar Atmospheres , year = 2003, editor =

    New Grids of ATLAS9 Model Atmospheres. Modelling of Stellar Atmospheres , year = 2003, editor =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.astro-ph/0405087 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0405087 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0405087 2003

  53. [53]

    The GAPS Programme at TNG. XXV. Stellar atmospheric parameters and chemical composition through GIARPS optical and near-infrared spectra. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038511 , archivePrefix =. 2007.00475 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038511 2007

  54. [54]

    , keywords =

    Departures from LTE for neutral Li in late-type stars. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912221 , archivePrefix =. 0906.0899 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912221

  55. [55]

    , keywords =

    The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars. , keywords =

  56. [56]

    The GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG. XI. Pr 0211 in M 44: the first multi-planet system in an open cluster. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527933 , archivePrefix =. 1602.00009 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527933

  57. [57]

    , keywords =

    An Ultra-short Period Rocky Super-Earth with a Secondary Eclipse and a Neptune-like Companion around K2-141. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa5b5 , archivePrefix =. 1801.03502 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa5b5

  58. [58]

    , keywords =

    batman: BAsic Transit Model cAlculatioN in Python. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/683602 , archivePrefix =. 1507.08285 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/683602

  59. [59]

    , keywords =

    Efficient, uninformative sampling of limb darkening coefficients for two-parameter laws. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1435 , archivePrefix =. 1308.0009 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1435

  60. [60]

    , keywords =

    EXOFAST: A Fast Exoplanetary Fitting Suite in IDL. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/669497 , archivePrefix =. 1206.5798 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/669497

  61. [61]

    , keywords =

    A new extensive library of PHOENIX stellar atmospheres and synthetic spectra. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219058 , archivePrefix =. 1303.5632 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219058

  62. [62]

    , keywords =

    LDTK: Limb Darkening Toolkit. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1857 , archivePrefix =. 1508.02634 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1857

  63. [63]

    Journal of Global Optimization , keywords =

    Differential Evolution - A Simple and Efficient Heuristic for global Optimization over Continuous Spaces. Journal of Global Optimization , keywords =. doi:10.1023/A:1008202821328 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1023/a:1008202821328

  64. [64]

    Communications in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science , keywords =

    Ensemble samplers with affine invariance. Communications in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science , keywords =. doi:10.2140/camcos.2010.5.65 , adsurl =

    doi:10.2140/camcos.2010.5.65 2010

  65. [65]

    , keywords =

    emcee: The MCMC Hammer. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/670067 , archivePrefix =. 1202.3665 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/670067

  66. [66]

    Statistical Science , year = 1992, month = jan, volume =

    Inference from Iterative Simulation Using Multiple Sequences. Statistical Science , year = 1992, month = jan, volume =. doi:10.1214/ss/1177011136 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1214/ss/1177011136 1992

  67. [67]

    , keywords =

    On detecting terrestrial planets with timing of giant planet transits. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08922.x , adsurl =

    doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.08922.x 2005

  68. [68]

    Science , keywords =

    The Use of Transit Timing to Detect Terrestrial-Mass Extrasolar Planets. Science , keywords =. doi:10.1126/science.1107822 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0412028 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1126/science.1107822

  69. [69]

    Revisiting Kepler-11 and Kepler-9

    TRADES: A new software to derive orbital parameters from observed transit times and radial velocities. Revisiting Kepler-11 and Kepler-9. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424080 , archivePrefix =. 1408.2844 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424080

  70. [70]

    , keywords =

    HARPS-N radial velocities confirm the low densities of the Kepler-9 planets. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz181 , archivePrefix =. 1901.05471 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stz181 1901

  71. [71]

    , keywords =

    Exploiting timing capabilities of the CHEOPS mission with warm-Jupiter planets. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1782 , archivePrefix =. 2106.11331 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1782

  72. [72]

    , keywords =

    A Recommendation to Retire VESPA for Exoplanet Validation. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2515-5172/acd9a6 , adsurl =

    doi:10.3847/2515-5172/acd9a6

  73. [73]

    , keywords =

    Modeling Kepler Transit Light Curves as False Positives: Rejection of Blend Scenarios for Kepler-9, and Validation of Kepler-9 d, A Super-earth-size Planet in a Multiple System. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/727/1/24 , archivePrefix =. 1008.4393 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/727/1/24

  74. [74]

    General framework, models, and performance

    PASTIS: Bayesian extrasolar planet validation - I. General framework, models, and performance. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu601 , archivePrefix =. 1403.6725 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stu601

  75. [75]

    A new formalism for the floating-mean and Keplerian periodograms

    The generalised Lomb-Scargle periodogram. A new formalism for the floating-mean and Keplerian periodograms. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811296 , archivePrefix =. 0901.2573 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200811296

  76. [76]

    Annals of Statistics , year = 1978, month = jul, volume =

    Estimating the Dimension of a Model. Annals of Statistics , year = 1978, month = jul, volume =

    1978

  77. [77]

    Kass and Adrian E

    Robert E. Kass and Adrian E. Raftery , title =. Journal of the American Statistical Association , volume =. 1995 , publisher =

    1995

  78. [78]

    , year = 2008, month = feb, volume =

    First Speckle Interferometry at SOAR Telescope with Electron-Multiplication CCD. , year = 2008, month = feb, volume =. doi:10.1086/528809 , adsurl =

    doi:10.1086/528809 2008

  79. [79]

    , keywords =

    Ten Years of Speckle Interferometry at SOAR. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aaa7d9 , archivePrefix =. 1801.04772 , primaryClass =

    Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aaa7d9

  80. [80]

    SOAR TESS Survey. I. Sculpting of TESS Planetary Systems by Stellar Companions. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab55e9 , archivePrefix =. 1908.10871 , primaryClass =

    doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab55e9 1908

Showing first 80 references.