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Primordial black hole formation and abundance: contribution from the non-linear relation between the density and curvature perturbation

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arxiv 1904.00984 v2 pith:NA4W4BUG submitted 2019-04-01 astro-ph.CO

Primordial black hole formation and abundance: contribution from the non-linear relation between the density and curvature perturbation

classification astro-ph.CO
keywords pbhsabundanceformationzetaformmassnon-linearvalue
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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The formation and abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) arising from the curvature perturbation $\zeta$ is studied. The non-linear relation between $\zeta$ and the density contrast $\delta$ means that, even when $\zeta$ has an exactly Gaussian distribution, significant non-Gaussianities affecting PBH formation must be considered. Numerical simulations are used to investigate the critical value and the mass of PBHs which form, and peaks theory is used to calculate the mass fraction of the universe collapsing to form PBHs at the time of formation. A formalism to calculate the total present day PBH abundance and mass function is also derived. It is found that the abundance of PBHs is very sensitive to the non-linear effects, and that the power spectrum $\mathcal{P}_\zeta$ must be a factor of $\sim2$ larger to produce the same number of PBHs as the linear model (where the exact value depends on the critical value for a region to collapse and form a PBH). This also means that the derived constraints on the small-scale power spectrum from constraints on the abundance of PBHs are weaker by the same factor.

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Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. The statistics of curvature-profile dispersion in primordial black hole formation

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.0

    Rare coherent shape deformations of primordial curvature profiles can dominate primordial black hole abundance by lowering the collapse threshold enough to overcome their Gaussian statistical cost.

  2. Gravitational Waves from Black Hole Reheating: The Scalar-Induced Component

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Accounting for the minimal mass spread of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse suppresses the Poltergeist GW background to the level of generic scalar-induced signals and reopens ultra-light PBH parameter space.

  3. Opening the Window of Ultra-Light PBHs by Exorcising the Poltergeist

    hep-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Incorporating the general-relativity mass tail df_PBH/d ln M ∝ M^3.78 smooths PBH evaporation, suppresses the scalar-induced GW signal by orders of magnitude, and reopens the ultra-light PBH window for the hot Big Bang.

  4. Primordial Black Hole from Tensor-induced Density Fluctuation: First-order Phase Transitions and Domain Walls

    astro-ph.CO 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Tensor perturbations from first-order phase transitions and domain wall annihilation induce curvature fluctuations at second order that form primordial black holes, allowing asteroid-mass PBHs to comprise all dark mat...

  5. The Gravitational Spectral Radio Forest: A Signature of Primordial Black Holes

    gr-qc 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Asteroid-mass primordial black holes induce a Riemann tidal splitting of the 2P_{3/2} hydrogen state, turning the 9.9 GHz line into a ~2 GHz bandwidth gravitational spectral radio forest in H II regions with accretion...

  6. Asteroid-mass Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter from Supersymmetry

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Supersymmetry with heavy particles above ~10^5 GeV enhances asteroid-mass PBH production via transient equation-of-state softening, allowing them to comprise all dark matter unlike in the Standard Model.

  7. Curvature Perturbations from First-Order Phase Transitions: Implications to Black Holes and Gravitational Waves

    hep-ph 2025-03 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Covariant analysis of curvature perturbations from first-order phase transitions reveals gauge-dependent overestimation of primordial black holes and gravitational waves in prior non-covariant calculations, leading to...

  8. Primordial black hole dark matter from axion inflation

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    PBHs generated by axion inflation with gauge-field coupling can comprise all dark matter in the asteroidal mass range while producing a LISA-measurable stochastic GW background.

  9. Purely Quadratic Non-Gaussianity from Tachyonic Instability: Primordial Black Holes and Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves

    astro-ph.CO 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability allows narrow curvature spectra to exponentially suppress primordial black hole overproduction via correlation coefficient ρ approaching -1 while retaining s...

  10. Evaporation of Primordial Black Holes in a Thermal Universe: A Thermofield Dynamics Approach

    hep-th 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Thermal bath corrections derived via thermofield dynamics enhance the evaporation rate of primordial black holes, shortening their lifetimes relative to zero-temperature calculations.

  11. Gravitational Waves from Primordial Black Holes: Connecting Low-Frequency Scalar-Induced Signatures to High-Frequency Binary Mergers

    astro-ph.CO 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Establishes a model-independent link between scalar-induced GW backgrounds and PBH binary merger signals, including the mass-independent relation f_peak = 1.79 f_ISCO.

  12. Primordial Black Holes: A Review of Formation and Evolution

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 3.0

    Review of PBH formation via compaction function and relativistic thresholds in FLRW backgrounds, arguing that memory burden and curvature corrections halt evaporation to leave Planck-scale relics.

  13. Scalar induced gravitational waves review

    gr-qc 2021-09 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    A review that unifies analytical expressions for scalar-induced gravitational waves and emphasizes calculations for non-radiation-dominated cosmologies.