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Excuse me, sir? Your language model is leaking (information)

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arxiv 2401.10360 v1 pith:OFLEWXTV submitted 2024-01-18 cs.CR cs.LG

classification cs.CRcs.LG
keywords payloadmodellanguageresponsesecretaffectedapproacharbitrary
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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We introduce a cryptographic method to hide an arbitrary secret payload in the response of a Large Language Model (LLM). A secret key is required to extract the payload from the model's response, and without the key it is provably impossible to distinguish between the responses of the original LLM and the LLM that hides a payload. In particular, the quality of generated text is not affected by the payload. Our approach extends a recent result of Christ, Gunn and Zamir (2023) who introduced an undetectable watermarking scheme for LLMs.

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Cited by 1 Pith paper

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. StealthInk: A Multi-bit and Stealthy Watermark for Large Language Models

    cs.CR 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A message-dependent token-reweighting method embeds multi-bit provenance data into LLM output while preserving the expected output distribution.

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