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Detection of isotropic cosmic birefringence and its implications for axion-like particles including dark energy

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arxiv 2011.11894 v3 pith:OUIWW2HC submitted 2020-11-24 astro-ph.CO hep-ph

Tomohiro Fujita , Kai Murai , Hiromasa Nakatsuka , Shinji Tsujikawa This is my paper
classification astro-ph.COhep-ph
keywords birefringencedarkenergyisotropicalpsaxion-likeconstantcosmic
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abstract

We investigate the possibility that axion-like particles (ALPs) with various potentials account for the isotropic birefringence recently reported by analyzing the Planck 2018 polarization data. For the quadratic and cosine potentials, we obtain lower bounds on the mass, coupling constant to photon $g$, abundance and equation of state of the ALP to produce the observed birefringence. Especially when the ALP is responsible for dark energy, it is possible to probe the tiny deviation of dark energy equation of state from $-1$ through the cosmic birefringence. We also explore ALPs working as early dark energy (EDE), which alleviates the Hubble tension problem. Since the other parameters are limited by the EDE requirements, we narrow down the ALP-photon coupling to $10^{-19}\, {\rm GeV}^{-1}\lesssim g\lesssim 10^{-16}\, {\rm GeV}^{-1}$ for the decay constant $f=M_\mathrm{pl}$. Therefore, the Hubble tension and the isotropic birefringence imply that $g$ is typically the order of $f^{-1}$, which is a non-trivial coincidence.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

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  1. Parity-violating scalar trispectrum from helical primordial magnetic fields

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  2. Spinoptics in the presence of axion-like particles in curved spacetime

    gr-qc 2026-07 accept novelty 6.5 of 10

    Spinoptics equations for axion–Maxwell theory yield helicity-dependent photon trajectory corrections from both spacetime curvature and arbitrary axion profiles.

  3. Planck constraints on the scale dependence of isotropic cosmic birefringence

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Planck polarization data favor a constant cosmic birefringence angle (β≈0.3°) across multipoles, with scale dependence consistent with zero at up to 1.8σ.

  4. First Constraint on Axion-Photon Coupling $g_{\gamma}$ from Neutron Star Observations

    hep-ph 2025-06 reject novelty 6.0 of 10

    The paper derives a first bound on the dimensionless axion-photon coupling gγ from pulsar polarization data, reporting |gγ|<0.93 at 1σ for axion masses below 10^-11 eV, via a neutron-star-induced axion field.

  5. The Lifespan of our Universe

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    If the axion dark energy model with a negative cosmological constant is the true explanation of DES/DESI data, the universe will end in a big crunch at a total age of about 33 billion years.

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