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Chiral Symmetry Breaking by Instantons
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Chiral Symmetry Breaking by Instantons
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This is a review of the QCD instanton vacuum. After introducing instantons and their physical meaning, I show that the number of instantons in the vacuum fluctuates in accordance with the QCD trace anomaly. The main properties of the instanton ensemble are given. Chiral symmetry breaking by instantons is explained in three different though mathematically equivalent ways. In particular, a derivation of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio-type model from instantons is presented, and the effective chiral lagrangian to which QCD is reduced at low momenta, is given. I end up by discussing possible confinement mechanisms.
Forward citations
Cited by 2 Pith papers
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Instanton condensation and a new phase of BPS black holes
Instanton condensation in the matrix model for the BPS index reveals a new instability and dominant phase for small black holes, connected to partial deconfinement.
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Anomalies, Topology, and Hadron Structure in QCD
A review unifying the QCD axial and trace anomalies with vacuum topology, arguing that the proton spin puzzle and the U(1)_A problem are both controlled by topological screening encoded in the susceptibility slope χ′(0).
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