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Dynamic Signatures of Black Hole Binaries with Superradiant Clouds
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Superradiant clouds may develop around a rotating black hole, if there is a bosonic field with Compton wavelength comparable to the size of the black hole. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the cloud on the orbits of nearby compact objects. In particular, we consider the dynamical friction and the backreaction due to level mixing. Under these interactions, the probability of a black hole dynamically capturing other compact objects, such as stellar mass black holes and neutron stars, is generally enhanced with the presence of the cloud. For extreme mass ratio inspirals and binary stellar mass binary black holes, the cloud-induced orbital modulation may be detected by observing the gravitational waveform using space borne gravitational wave detectors, such as LISA. Interestingly within certain range of boson Compton wavelength, the enhanced capture rate of stellar mass black holes could accelerate hierarchical mergers, with higher-generation merger product being more massive than the mass threshold predicted by supernova pair instability. These observational signatures provide promising ways of searching light bosons with gravitational waves.
Forward citations
Cited by 10 Pith papers
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Ultralight Boson Ionization from Comparable-Mass Binaries
Ionization of boson molecules bound to a black hole binary can dominate gravitational-wave losses during early inspiral, imprinting a turnover in the nanohertz GW background and circularizing the orbit.
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Secondary spins of extreme mass ratio inspirals: A probe to the formation channels
For eccentric and inclined extreme mass-ratio inspirals, the secondary black hole spin may be measurable to about 0.1 at SNR 20, and high spins would point to the Hills formation channel.
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Environmental effects in extreme mass ratio inspirals: perturbations to the environment in Kerr
A perturbative calculation shows that a secondary body in Kerr spacetime creates a wake in a superradiant scalar cloud, with energy fluxes that differ from Schwarzschild predictions by tens of percent.
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Stepping Up Superradiance Constraints on Axions
Including superradiant axion states through n=5 with relativistic scattering rates strengthens black-hole spin-down constraints on axions by roughly an order of magnitude.
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Relativistic Tidal Transitions of Saturated Kerr Boson Clouds
Relativistic Kerr wavefunctions change tidal transition matrix elements of saturated boson clouds by up to 21.7% relative to the hydrogenic approximation, with the radial profile responsible for ~80% of the change.
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Extreme mass-ratio inspiral within an ultralight scalar cloud I. Scalar radiation
Scalar radiation from an EMRI in an ultralight scalar cloud is computed semi-analytically, showing dipole clouds decelerate and quadrupole clouds accelerate the inspiral, with up to about 100 rad dephasing after 18 months.
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Dark Matter-Independent Orbital Decay Bounds on Ultralight Bosons from OJ287
OJ287 orbital timing excludes ultralight scalar bosons with masses around 0.85 to 2.2 x 10^-21 eV through superradiance-cloud dynamical friction, independent of dark matter assumptions.
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The Spectra of Gravitational Atoms
For scalar and vector ultralight fields around Kerr black holes, the paper derives and numerically confirms quasi-bound state energies and superradiant instability rates, with the dominant vector mode growing as Gamma...
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Searching for ultralight bosons within spin measurements of a population of binary black hole mergers
A hierarchical Bayesian analysis of mock binary black hole populations shows that roughly a hundred high-signal-to-noise mergers could exclude or confirm ultralight bosons in the 1e-13 to 3e-12 eV range.
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Classical Black Hole Scattering to Celestial Amplitudes in Effective Theories of Gravity
A doctoral thesis reproduces the author's published post-Newtonian and post-Minkowskian two-body observables and celestial amplitudes in scalar-tensor, Chern-Simons, Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton, and quadratic gravity.
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