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Fluid Antenna Systems Enabling 6G:Principles, Applications, and Research Directions

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arxiv 2412.03839 v1 pith:RXBOEEFG submitted 2024-12-05 eess.SP

Fluid Antenna Systems Enabling 6G:Principles, Applications, and Research Directions

Tuo Wu , Kangda Zhi , Junteng Yao , Xiazhi Lai , Jianchao Zheng , Hong Niu , Maged Elkashlan , Kai-Kit Wong
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Chan-Byoung Chae Zhiguo Ding George K. Karagiannidis Merouane Debbah Chau Yuen
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Fluid antenna system (FAS) as a new version of reconfigurable antenna technologies promoting shape and position flexibility, has emerged as an exciting and possibly transformative technology for wireless communications systems. FAS represents any software-controlled fluidic, conductive or dielectric structure that can dynamically alter antenna's shape and position to change the gain, the radiation pattern, the operating frequency, and other critical radiation characteristics. With its capability, it is highly anticipated that FAS can contribute greatly to the upcoming sixth generation (6G) wireless networks. This article substantiates this thought by addressing four major questions: 1) Is FAS crucial to 6G? 2) How to characterize FAS? 3) What are the applications of FAS? 4) What are the relevant challenges and future research directions? In particular, five promising research directions that underscore the potential of FAS are discussed. We conclude this article by showcasing the impressive performance of FAS.

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Cited by 5 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Dual-Scale Antenna Deployment for Pinching Antenna Systems

    cs.IT 2025-10 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A dual-scale deployment framework is proposed for pinching antenna systems to jointly optimize coarse and fine scale PA positions along with precoding and radiation power for energy efficiency maximization.

  2. Generalized Pinching-Antenna Systems: A Leaky-Coaxial-Cable Perspective

    eess.SP 2025-12 conditional novelty 5.0

    A leaky coaxial cable with controllable radiating slots can act as a generalized pinching-antenna system at low frequencies, with signal strength falling as the fourth power of distance.

  3. FAS-RSMA: Can Fluid Antennas Elevate RSMA Performance?

    eess.SP 2025-11 accept novelty 5.0

    FAS-RSMA lowers outage probability and raises average capacity by using fluid antennas to improve the weakest effective channel and reduce relative interference impact in RSMA under imperfect CSIT.

  4. Fluid Antenna Systems: A Geometric Approach to Error Probability and Fundamental Limits

    cs.IT 2025-09 reject novelty 5.0

    Derives an asymptotic SER formula for fluid antennas and claims diversity gain is set by effective rank ≈ 2W+1 (aperture width), not port count.

  5. Advancing Fluid Antenna-Assisted Non-Terrestrial Networks in 6G and Beyond: Fundamentals, State of the Art, and Future Directions

    cs.NI 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 1.0

    A literature survey of fluid-antenna-assisted non-terrestrial networks; it organizes existing results and identifies future directions but proves no new result.