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Limits on dark matter, ultralight scalars, and cosmic neutrinos with gyroscope spin and precision clocks

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arxiv 2412.09575 v1 pith:TWYMHVBA submitted 2024-12-12 hep-ph astro-ph.COgr-qc

Sara Rufrano Aliberti , Gaetano Lambiase , Tanmay Kumar Poddar This is my paper · ORCID
classification hep-phastro-ph.COgr-qc
keywords lesssimtimesclockscosmiclimitsoverdensityprecisiondark
topics Dark Matter
open problems Dark Matter
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Dark matter (DM) within the solar system induces deviations in the geodetic drift of gyroscope spin due to its gravitational interaction. Assuming a constant DM density as a minimal scenario, we constrain DM overdensity within the Gravity Probe B (GP-B) orbit and project limits for Earth's and Neptune's orbits around the Sun. The presence of electrons in gravitating sources and test objects introduces a scalar-mediated Yukawa potential, which can be probed using terrestrial and space--based precision clocks. We derive projected DM overdensity $(\eta)$ limits from Sagnac time measurements using onboard satellite clocks, highlighting their dependence on the source mass and orbital radius. The strongest limit, $\eta\lesssim 4.45\times 10^3$, is achieved at Neptune's orbit ($\sim 30~\mathrm{AU}$), exceeding existing constraints. Correspondingly, the cosmic neutrino overdensity is bounded as $\xi\lesssim 5.34\times 10^{10}$, surpassing results from KATRIN and cosmic ray studies. The best limit on electrophilic scalar coupling is $g\lesssim 7.09\times 10^{-24}$ for scalar mass $m_\varphi\lesssim 1.32\times 10^{-18}~\mathrm{eV}$ competitive with existing fifth-force bounds. These precision measurements offer a robust framework for testing gravity at solar system scales and probing DM in scenarios inaccessible to direct detection experiments.

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