Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 37 of 37 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.04485.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.04485 v1

Coverage vector

measured 37 of 37 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.005523Z

measured 37 of 37 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

37 of 37 outbound references displayed

verified exact16
verified fuzzy2
unresolved18
parse uncertain0
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External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 7c59ef4a-c7a8-4d51-8e41-a5c56ecd3da2 · outbound

This paper cites Birchall, Spatial ability in radiologists: A necessary prerequisite?, British Journal of Radiology 88 (1049) (2015) 6–8.doi:10.1259/bjr.20140511.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Birchall, Spatial ability in radiologists: A necessary prerequisite?, British Journal of Radiology 88 (1049) (2015) 6–8.doi:10.1259/bjr.20140511

Reference 1

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.168108Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 89873fae-cf44-458c-9883-64c129976637 · outbound

This paper cites Corry, The future of recruitment and selection in radiology.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Corry, The future of recruitment and selection in radiology

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.156778Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation fc4ef148-0926-4332-9290-c53374ab4ff9 · outbound

This paper cites Kordjamshidi, M.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Kordjamshidi, M

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.369834Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 8fce5867-c2c9-4ba6-a5fb-7cfb38ac77f3 · outbound

This paper cites Kordjamshidi, T.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Kordjamshidi, T

Reference 4

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.146597Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 57ae3f43-a2a3-42cb-9e6b-ead0ef5da1b8 · outbound

This paper cites Roberts, L.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Roberts, L

Reference 5

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.318572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation c1711e96-0fc2-4645-bcc3-0a1f1b47563e · outbound

This paper cites Demner-Fushman, M.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Demner-Fushman, M

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.877691Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3cd3686c-2381-4bbc-8fa2-f38d2c49352e · outbound

This paper cites ChestX-ray8: Hospital-scale Chest X-ray Database and Benchmarks on Weakly-Supervised Classification and Localization of Common Thorax Diseases.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning ChestX-ray8: Hospital-scale Chest X-ray Database and Benchmarks on Weakly-Supervised Classification and Localization of Common Thorax Diseases

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.881947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 06bb9feb-574f-4bfb-9f63-d7a9b1e4a4ca · outbound

This paper cites CheXpert: A Large Chest Radiograph Dataset with Uncertainty Labels and Expert Comparison.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning CheXpert: A Large Chest Radiograph Dataset with Uncertainty Labels and Expert Comparison

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.886215Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 801abc01-8f46-42fb-8273-ba1c4455c074 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.890365Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1913cc6e-d4dc-4249-b065-4352c68fd7ee · outbound

This paper cites Learning to detect chest radiographs containing lung nodules using visual attention networks.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Learning to detect chest radiographs containing lung nodules using visual attention networks

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.894040Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 350eec4b-f567-4ab4-b80e-cbb53aad8c15 · outbound

This paper cites Hassanpour, C.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Hassanpour, C

Reference 11

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.126932Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 5bee6d60-bed3-4192-9155-9be6f75a3cd2 · outbound

This paper cites Modelling Radiological Language with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Modelling Radiological Language with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks

Reference 12

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.037114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 5900a2cc-1441-4070-9678-a6aa5e5ed5c8 · outbound

This paper cites PadChest: A large chest x-ray image dataset with multi-label annotated reports.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning PadChest: A large chest x-ray image dataset with multi-label annotated reports

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.906787Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 50629ec8-001d-4cfd-a874-3b6083c58848 · outbound

This paper cites Hassanpour, G.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Hassanpour, G

Reference 14

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.130228Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 94c022ec-dd10-4c6c-be32-3339091047d4 · outbound

This paper cites Annarumma, S.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Annarumma, S

Reference 15

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.119567Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation cd8353cb-49ba-42f9-9fa6-f14dedf6b5db · outbound

This paper cites Sevenster, R.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Sevenster, R

Reference 16

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.107014Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation f80803c6-ed21-4961-b8cf-78811ee1fb7e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.005006Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 35c6eb36-dbbc-44da-9efd-aeabd8e5c392 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.611419Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 8af0c034-d372-49d8-bcc9-83b6366add1b · outbound

This paper cites Roberts, B.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Roberts, B

Reference 19

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.542611Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 8d182dac-2fa6-4218-ad74-ff5247a65af9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.932557Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1979b6df-786b-4a1e-926e-4235016bf3e6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.423433Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 8500db25-f565-4ed8-8ad7-bd799a183841 · outbound

This paper cites URL http://zdaniels.com/papers/ISBI2019{_}camera.pdf.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning URL http://zdaniels.com/papers/ISBI2019{_}camera.pdf

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.357636Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation a9424c95-1ad1-4b1d-8c10-5b47ac9dd5a2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.942977Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8ee012df-1912-42d3-affe-e03645fdd26c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.346128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation d878aeea-4bf3-4ef3-af7f-df3c588cc5e6 · outbound

This paper cites Huang, Y.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Huang, Y

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.959037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 80c36415-6cd7-468a-801d-3ed2a1b74089 · outbound

This paper cites Leaman, R.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Leaman, R

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.079654Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 55632018-0a50-4baa-b4a1-0f4662b0036d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:55.331323Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation f717dd3d-45a4-44a1-b875-09fb8041dcea · outbound

This paper cites Candemir, S.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Candemir, S

Reference 28

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.346294Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 47bdbc74-f116-468e-acc6-5042f2bab8b0 · outbound

This paper cites Neural Architectures for Named Entity Recognition.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Neural Architectures for Named Entity Recognition

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.976707Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 02770756-a436-4017-8fa2-270759667183 · outbound

This paper cites TensorFlow: Large-Scale Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Distributed Systems.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning TensorFlow: Large-Scale Machine Learning on Heterogeneous Distributed Systems

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.980639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fee0fcbe-c53c-4ca5-ba17-b4308a1d3cfe · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.068491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation e8a9411b-eb98-45f1-a921-f5d563d73552 · outbound

This paper cites End-to-End Relation Extraction using LSTMs on Sequences and Tree Structures.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning End-to-End Relation Extraction using LSTMs on Sequences and Tree Structures

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.988534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 65506f14-95a3-4095-8771-47af26eec6bc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 33

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.057604Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

Observation 433d8b70-ded3-4c92-a5e1-0620ed91d21f · outbound

This paper cites Devlin, M.-W.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Devlin, M.-W

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.995832Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ad040744-fa55-4917-8702-18e88a5a0f02 · outbound

This paper cites Training Very Deep Networks.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Training Very Deep Networks

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.999227Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 400d0557-33eb-48ef-bc09-ca6172125b84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:54.005523Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 35c87a5c-a8a2-479e-ab8d-fd4ca8e4a5e4 · outbound

This paper cites Graph-based Model of Smart Grid Architectures.

Understanding Spatial Language in Radiology: Representation Framework, Annotation, and Spatial Relation Extraction from Chest X-ray Reports using Deep Learning Graph-based Model of Smart Grid Architectures

Reference 236

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:46:53.969518Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.