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Entanglement Entropy Scaling Laws and Eigenstate Typicality in Free Fermion Systems

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arxiv 1409.1224 v2 pith:UEF2RYQL submitted 2014-09-03 cond-mat.stat-mech cond-mat.str-elquant-ph

classification cond-mat.stat-mechcond-mat.str-elquant-ph
keywords eigenstateentanglementdensityentropyexcitedfermionfreematrix
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We demonstrate that the entanglement entropy area law for free fermion ground states and the corresponding volume law for highly excited states are related by a position-momentum duality, thus of the same origin. For a typical excited state in the thermodynamic limit, we further show that the reduced density matrix of a subsystem approaches thermal density matrix, provided the subsystem's linear size is small compared to that of the whole system in all directions, a property we dub eigenstate typicality. This provides an explicit example of thermalization via entanglement, and reveals how statistical physics emerges from a single eigenstate by tracing out a large number of degrees of freedom.

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  1. The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis in a Quantum Point Contact Geometry

    cond-mat.stat-mech 2025-01 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    For two free-fermion lattices connected by a few quantum point contacts, the entanglement entropy of typical excited eigenstates grows only linearly with subsystem size, not extensively.

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